Ligandless-ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction combined with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry for simultaneous determination of heavy metals in water samples

Green chemistry in analytical atomic spectrometry: a review

“…The development of ligandless analytical procedures combined with atomic spectrometry has also been reported in the literature. Thus, formation of metal hydroxides 78,79 or insoluble chlorides 80 has been employed for the development of ligandless analytical methodologies by pH adjustment and addition of NaCl, respectively.…”

Review of the application of quantum dots in the heavy-metal detection

“…At present, there are many analysis methods for detection of heavy-metal ions, including atomic absorption spectrometry (ASS) (Porento et al 2011;Uluozlu et al 2010;Sanchez-Moreno et al 2010;Tariba, Pizent, and Kljakovia-Gaspic 2011), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) (Boukraa et al 2006;Saracoglu et al 2006;Tokman and Akman 2004;Feist et al 2012;Sereshti et al 2012), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Zoorob, McKiernan, and Caruso 1998;Caruso et al 2003;Shih et al 2011;Trujillo et al 2012), high-performance liquid chromatography (Nolan and Lippard 2008;Liu, Lam, and Wong 2006), and enzymatic inhibition method (Hua and Lu 2003;Shyuan et al 2008;Ghica and Brett. 2008;Fragoso et al 2011;Chen et al 2011).…”

Ultrasound-assisted emulsification--solidified floating organic drop microextraction combined with flow injection--flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of palladium in water samples

“…LPME is based on the principle of the LLE technique; however, the volume of the organic solvent is greatly reduced. 19 Since its introduction in 1996, 20 LPME has been performed in different modes such as single drop microextraction (SDME), 15 hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME), 21 ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction, 22,23 dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), 24,25 and solidification of floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME). 26−30 SFODME is a simple, fast, and inexpensive technique.…”