Review of the application of quantum dots in the heavy-metal detection

Zou, Ling; Gu, Zhongwei; Sun, Ming

doi:10.1080/02772248.2015.1050201

Cited by 45 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In the recent past, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have attracted enormous attention from the academia and industry, owing to their wide-scale applications in various domains such as optoelectronics, optical sensing, solar cells, bioimaging, and so forth. − This has been possible mainly because of their fascinating electronic, optical, and chemical properties such as quantum confinement effect, strong luminescence, good photostability, easy chemical processibility, and so forth. , However, it has been observed that multinary QDs (such as ternary and quaternary) often show reduction in fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of the QDs due to their surface or intrinsic defects , associated with them during their synthesis. Because of these crystallographic defects, there occurs more states in between the band gap of the material, followed by extra excitation and relaxation pathways, , which reduces the QY and limits their application in various fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing How Various Metal Ions Interact with the Surface of QDs: Implication of the Interaction Event on the Photophysics of QDs

Preeyanka

Sarkar

2021

Langmuir

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With an aim to understand the mechanism of interaction between quantum dots (QDs) and various metal ions, fluorescence response of less-toxic and water-soluble glutathione-capped Zn−Ag− In−S (GSH@ZAIS) QDs in the presence of different metal ions has been investigated at both ensemble and single-molecule level. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has also been performed to obtain a molecular level understanding of the interaction event. The steady-state data reveal no significant change in QD emission for alkali and alkaline earth metal ions, while there is a decrease in fluorescence intensity for transition metal (TM) and some heavy transition metal (HTM) ions. Interestingly, a significant fluorescent enhancement (FE) (19−96%) of QDs is found for Cd 2+ ions. Time-resolved fluorescence studies reveal that all the three decay components of QDs decrease in the presence of first-row TM ions. However, in the case of Cd 2+ , the shorter component is found to increase while the longer one decreases. The analysis of data reveals that photoinduced electron transfer is responsible for fluorescence quenching of QDs in the presence of first-row TM ions and destruction/removal of trap/ defect states in the case of Cd 2+ causes the FE. In FT-IR experiments, a prominent peak at 670 cm −1 , corresponding to Cd−S stretching vibrations, indicates strong ground-state interactions between the −SH of GSH and Cd 2+ ions. Moreover, a decrease in the diffusion coefficient of QDs in the presence of Cd 2+ ions during fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) studies further substantiates the removal of GSH by Cd 2+ from the surface of QDs. The optical output of this study demonstrates that ZAIS can be used for fluorescence signaling of various metal ions and in particular selective detection of Cd 2+ . More importantly, these results also suggest that Cd 2+ can effectively be used for enhancing the fluorescence quantum yield of thiol-capped QDs such as GSH@ZAIS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing How Various Metal Ions Interact with the Surface of QDs: Implication of the Interaction Event on the Photophysics of QDs

Preeyanka

Sarkar

2021

Langmuir

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“…Receptors are physically adsorbed or chemically linked onto the micro/nanomaterial transducers to form new chemosensors. Compared with conventional chemosensors, micro/nanomaterial transducers such as metal nanoparticles (gold nanoparticles, semiconductor quantum dots, etc.) have higher sensitivity owing to their high surface‐to‐volume ratio, strong emission, good stability to photobleaching, and easy functionalization by specific receptors.…”

Section: Chemosensors For the Detection Of Analytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes in the Development of Chemosensors for Heavy Metal Detection

Zhang

Qiao

et al. 2017

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It is critical to detect and analyze the heavy metal pollutions in environments and foods. Chemosensors have been widely investigated for fast detection of analytes such as heavy metals due to their unique advantages. In order to improve the detection sensitivity of chemosensors, recently electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) have been explored for the immobilization of chemosensors or receptors due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, high porosity, easiness of fabrication and functionalization, controllability of nanofiber properties, low cost, easy detection, no obvious pollution to the detection solution, and easy post-treatment after the detection process. The purpose of this review is to summarize and guide the development and application of ENMs in the field of chemosensors for the detection of analytes, especially heavy metals. First, heavy metals, chemosensors, and four types of preparation methods for ENM-immobilized chemosensors/receptors are briefly introduced. And then, ENM-immobilized chemosensors/receptors and their application progresses for optical, electro, and mass detections of heavy metals are reviewed according to the four types of preparation methods. Finally, the application of ENM-immobilized chemosensors/receptors is summarized and an outlook is provided. The review will provide an instruction to the research and development of ENM-immobilized chemosensors/receptors for the detection of analytes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, specific physical and chemical reactions occur between the detected object and the functionalized QDs, during which the composition of groups and charges on the surface structure of QDs are altered, resulting in subsequent luminescence intensity either increasing or being extinguished. 21 This article aimed to solve the problem of synthesis of a weak fluorescent GQDs by a microwave one-pot synthesis. A particularly weak fluorescent GQDs were prepared according to the reported work by the Zhuang group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to different modification effects, QDs show different fluorescence properties; different metal ions can be detected by QDs with different fluorescent properties. As a result, specific physical and chemical reactions occur between the detected object and the functionalized QDs, during which the composition of groups and charges on the surface structure of QDs are altered, resulting in subsequent luminescence intensity either increasing or being extinguished …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots for Effective Detection of Ferric Ions and as Fluorescent Ink

Ren

2019

ACS Omega

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Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have attracted much attention of many researchers because of their low cytotoxicity, good optical stability, and excellent photoluminescence property, which make them novel nanostructured materials in many application fields ranging from energy to biomedicine and the environment. In this work, highly fluorescent nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) were synthesized through microwave heating using sodium citrate and triethanolamine as raw materials. The as-prepared N-GQDs showed considerable bright blue fluorescence with a quantum yield of 8% and excellent uniform dispersion with an average diameter of approximately 5.6 nm; they also exhibited excellent stability and pH-sensitive properties. Furthermore, we demonstrated the application of N-GQDs as probes for metal ion detection. The results indicated that N-GQDs responded rapidly toward Fe3+ because of the static quenching mechanism. A detection method was proposed, with detection linear in two ranges from 20 to 70 nM (F = −0.9666 CFe3+ (nM) + 608.85 (R = 0.9740)) and from 1 to 100 μM (F = −12.04 CFe3+ (μM) + 1191.94 (R = 0.9541)); the lowest detection limit of 9.7 nM for Fe3+ was obtained. The results obtained in this work lay the foundation for the development of high-performance and robust metal ion detection sensors. Moreover, it can also possibly be used as a new type of fluorescent ink.

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Review of the application of quantum dots in the heavy-metal detection

Cited by 45 publications

References 58 publications

Probing How Various Metal Ions Interact with the Surface of QDs: Implication of the Interaction Event on the Photophysics of QDs

Probing How Various Metal Ions Interact with the Surface of QDs: Implication of the Interaction Event on the Photophysics of QDs

Recent Advances of Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes in the Development of Chemosensors for Heavy Metal Detection

Rapid Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots for Effective Detection of Ferric Ions and as Fluorescent Ink

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