Light-Activated, Sensor-Controlled Sprayer Provides Effective Postemergence Control of Broadleaf Weeds in Fallow

Riar, Dilpreet S.; Ball, Daniel A.; Yenish, Joseph P.; Burke, Ian C.

doi:10.1614/wt-d-10-00013.1

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Light-activated sensor-controlled (LASC) or Weed Seeker ® sprayers have shown tremendous success in site-specific weed control and in reducing herbicide costs by 30% to 70% in fallow (Ahrens 1994; Biller 1998; Blackshaw et al 1998; Jha et al 2014; Riar et al 2011). In addition, the LASC sprayer has shown 25% reductions in herbicide cost for selective weed control in cereals and pea compared with a broadcast application (Dammer and Wartenberg 2007).…”

Section: Management Of Hr Bassia Scopariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide-Resistant Kochia (Bassia scoparia) in North America: A Review

Kumar¹,

Jha²,

Jugulam³

et al. 2018

Weed Sci

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Kochia [Bassia scoparia(L.) A. J. Scott] is a problematic annual broadleaf weed species in the North American Great Plains.Bassia scopariainherits unique biological characteristics that contribute to its propensity to evolve herbicide resistance. Evolution of glyphosate resistance inB. scopariahas become a serious threat to the major cropping systems and soil conservation practices in the region.Bassia scopariapopulations with resistance to four different herbicide sites of action are a concern for growers. The widespread occurrence of multiple herbicide–resistant (HR)B. scopariaacross the North American Great Plains has renewed research efforts to devise integrated weed management strategies beyond herbicide use. In this review, we aim to compile and document the growing body of literature on HRB. scopariawith emphasis on herbicide-resistance evolutionary dynamics, distribution, mechanisms of evolved resistance, agronomic impacts, and current/future weed management technologies. We focused on ecologically based, non-herbicidal strategies such as diverse crop rotations comprising winter cereals and perennial forages, enhanced crop competition, cover crops, harvest weed seed control (HWSC), and tillage to manage HRB. scopariaseedbanks. Remote sensing using hyperspectral imaging and other sensor-based technologies would be valuable for early detection and rapid response and site-specific herbicide resistance management. We propose research priorities based on an improved understanding of the biology, genetic diversity, and plasticity of this weed that will aid in preserving existing herbicide resources and designing sustainable, integrated HRB. scopariamitigation plans.

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Section: Management Of Hr Bassia Scopariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide-Resistant Kochia (Bassia scoparia) in North America: A Review

Kumar¹,

Jha²,

Jugulam³

et al. 2018

Weed Sci

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“…The site-specific control of spraying was based either on infestation maps prepared offline or on real-time optical sensing systems, including machine vision, able to detect weed patches on bare soil or within row crops (Miller 2003). These systems have evolved through further research (Gerhards et al 2002;Nordmeyer 2006;Christensen et al 2009;Riar et al 2011;Berge et al 2012) which overall reported a wide range (from 5% to almost 90%) of potential savings in herbicide, depending mainly on the spatial and temporal distribution of weeds found in the treated plots.…”

Section: Literature Review On Precision Spraying Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The profitability of precision spraying on specialty crops: a technical–economic analysis of protection equipment at increasing technological levels

2017

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A technical-economic analysis was conducted on three different technological levels of spraying equipment for specialty crops, based on the results on precision spraying technologies reported in scientific literature. The application scenarios referred to general protection protocols against fungal diseases adopted in vineyards and apple orchards in Central-Southern Europe. The analysis evaluated the total costs of protection treatments (equipment ? pesticide costs), comparing the use of conventional air-blast sprayers (referred to as L0), of on-off switching sprayers (L1), and of canopy-optimised distribution sprayers (L2). Pesticide savings from 10 to 35% were associated with equipment L1 and L2, as compared to L0. Within the assumptions made, on grapevines, the conventional sprayer L0 resulted in the most profitable option for vineyard areas smaller than 10 ha; from 10 ha to approximately 100 ha, L1 was the best option, while above 100 ha, the more advanced equipment L2 resulted in the best choice. On apple orchards, L0 was the best option for areas smaller than 17 ha. Above this value, L1 was more profitable, while L2 never proved advantageous. Finally, in a speculation on possible prospectives of precision spraying on specialty crops, the introduction of an autonomous robotic platform able to selectively target the pesticide on diseased areas was hypothesised. The analysis indicated that the purchase price that would make the robotic platform profitable, thanks to the assumed pesticide and labour savings over conventional sprayers, was unrealistically lower than current industrial cost. This study showed that, in current conditions, profitability cannot be the only driver for possible adoption of intelligent robotic platforms for precision spraying on specialty crops, while on-off and canopy-optimised technologies can be profitable over conventional spraying in specific conditions.

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“…It is just as important to rotate herbicides as it is to rotate crops to reduce overall loading rates of any one herbicide. In addition, reduction in herbicide application rates are now enabled by the advent of imaging-based precision herbicide technologies capable of targeting post-emergence weeds in fallow (Riar et al, 2011).…”

Section: Crop Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Historic Agronomic and Policy Lessons with New Technologies to Drive Farmer Decisions for Farm and Climate: The Case of Inland Pacific Northwestern U.S.

Pan

Schillinger

Young

et al. 2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Climate-friendly best management practices for mitigating and adapting to climate change (cfBMPs) include changes in crop rotation, soil management and resource use. Determined largely by precipitation gradients, specific agroecological systems in the inland Pacific Northwestern U.S. (iPNW) feature different practices across the region. Historically, these farming systems have been economically productive, but at the cost of high soil erosion rates and organic matter depletion, making them win-lose situations. Agronomic, sociological, political and economic drivers all influence cropping system innovations. Integrated, holistic conservation systems also need to be identified to address climate change by integrating cfBMPs that provide win-win benefits for farmer and environment. We conclude that systems featuring short-term improvements in farm economics, market diversification, resource efficiency and soil health will be most readily adopted by farmers, thereby simultaneously addressing longer term challenges including climate change. Specific "win-win scenarios" are designed for different iPNW production zones delineated by water availability. The cfBMPs include reduced tillage and residue management, organic carbon (C) recycling, precision nitrogen (N) management and crop rotation diversification and intensification. Current plant breeding technologies have provided new cultivars of canola and pea that can diversify system agronomics Pan et al.Win-Win Scenarios for Farm and Climate and markets. These agronomic improvements require associated shifts in prescriptive, precision N and weed management. The integrated cfBMP systems we describe have the potential for reducing system-wide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by increasing soil C storage, N use efficiency (NUE) and by production of biofuels. Novel systems, even if they are economically competitive, can come with increased financial risk to producers, necessitating government support (e.g., subsidized crop insurance) to promote adoption. Other conservation-and climate change-targeted farm policies can also improve adoption. Ultimately, farmers must meet their economic and legacy goals to assure longer-term adoption of mature cfBMP for iPNW production systems.

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Light-Activated, Sensor-Controlled Sprayer Provides Effective Postemergence Control of Broadleaf Weeds in Fallow

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Herbicide-Resistant Kochia (Bassia scoparia) in North America: A Review

Herbicide-Resistant Kochia (Bassia scoparia) in North America: A Review

The profitability of precision spraying on specialty crops: a technical–economic analysis of protection equipment at increasing technological levels

Integrating Historic Agronomic and Policy Lessons with New Technologies to Drive Farmer Decisions for Farm and Climate: The Case of Inland Pacific Northwestern U.S.

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