Light collection from a one square metre scintillator for cosmic ray work

Fast Timing of Air Shower Fronts

“…A fast timing system may not be compatible with such a design since one would not want to deliberately slow the collection of light with the use of a baffle, although one would still want to obtain acceptable uniformity of light collection. With a sensitive photomultiplier and a scintillator with a good output level, one can obtain improved uniformity of a non-baffled system by moving the tube further from the scintillator (Clay and Gregory 1978). There may also be some advantages in eliminating internal reflections in the detector provided that one does not need to have optimally efficient total light collection.…”

“…Light from the scintillator slab is reflected internally within the detector enclosure until it is finally absorbed in the photomultiplier face. Such a detector is painted internally with highly reflective paint and may include a light baffle to prevent some direct light reaching the photomultiplier in order to achieve good uniformity of light collection (Clay and Gregory 1978). A fast timing system may not be compatible with such a design since one would not want to deliberately slow the collection of light with the use of a baffle, although one would still want to obtain acceptable uniformity of light collection.…”

“…Conventional detectors of area -1 m 2 in a pyramidal enclosure have been discussed by Clay and Gregory (1978). Light from the scintillator slab is reflected internally within the detector enclosure until it is finally absorbed in the photomultiplier face.…”

“…1 a. Single particles were selected with a small (40 mm) diameter fast scintillation detector (-4 ns risetime) and a trigger pulse sent to a fast transient recorder (Clay and Wild 1985) operating at 2 ns per sample. The recorder then recorded pulses from the large detector under test and averaged 10 3 pulses for each of five representative positions (Fig.…”