We show how a nanomechanical strain can be used to dynamically reengineer the optics of quantum dots, giving a tool to manipulate mechanoexciton shape, orientation, fine structure splitting, and optical transitions, transfer carriers between dots, and interact qubits for quantum processing. Most importantly, a nanomechanical strain reengineers both the magnitude and phase of the exciton exchange coupling to tune exchange splittings, change the phase of spin mixing, and rotate the polarization of mechanoexcitons, providing phase and energy control of excitons. [3][4][5][6], and dressing excitons with optical fields [7] are being used to modify AES. An imposed nanomechanical strain [8][9][10][11] provides a route to dynamically reengineer QD structural symmetry to control excitations, polarize transitions, tune exchange splitting, induce entanglement, or modify coupling between QDs. These are capabilities needed to use QDs in nanophotonics, quantum information processing, and in optically active devices, such as optomechanical cavities [12,13] and semiconductor nanotubes [14][15][16][17].Nanomechanics is being studied for mass sensing [18,19], mechanical computing [20,21], and energy harvesting [22]. Structures are being cooled to approach the quantum limit for metrology and to provide coherent transducers that couple classical machines to quantum devices [23][24][25][26]. Surface acoustic waves (SAW) are being used to manipulate carriers in dynamically created QDs [27][28][29][30][31][32]. Local probes and control of nanomechanics and SAWs are needed. Sideband cooling via optical absorption by QDs in nanomechanical structures could drive structures to the quantum limit [25]. An experiment shows that QD levels are sensitive to a local strain produced by SAWs and mechanical deformations [8][9][10][11]. QD response could be a local strain gauge for nanomechanics.To exploit hybrid nanomechanical-QD devices, a fundamental understanding is needed. This entails understanding connections between the strain from lattice mismatch, imposed nanomechanical strain, electron and hole states of QDs in the nanomechanical device, and strained excitons (mechanoexcitons) in excited QDs. We study pyramidal InAs QDs in a GaAs nanomechanical bridge using atomistic tight-binding theory. The bridge is bent to simulate an external strain applied to mechanoengineer QDs. A bend in a nanomechanical structure is analogous to an electric field, inducing Stark-like energy shifts. Electrons and holes redistribute vertically along the QD growth axis, or horizontally in the plane of the QD, depending on how strain is applied. This behavior correlates with bendinduced changes in the local band profile. Strain-induced charge redistribution in closely spaced QDs can induce tunneling between dots. Most importantly, nanomechanical strain reengineers the magnitude and the phase of the exciton exchange coupling via, primarily, strain-induced hole redistribution. This leads to large changes in exciton exchange splitting and polarization of bright exciton...