Light Generation at the Nano Scale, Key to Interferometry at the Nano Scale

Optical Holography Reconstruction of Nano-objects

“…The fringes form moiré patterns that are modulated in amplitude in correspondence of the loci of the interference fringes of the microsphere. A total of 120 orders can be detected for this particular family (Sciammarella et al, 2010). These wave fronts play a role in the observation of the NaCl nanocrystals contained in the saline solution.…”

“…The glass in the neighborhood of surface can be treated as a layered medium and the fringe orders depend on the gradients of index of refraction. A more extensive analysis of the role played by birefringence in the present example was carried out by Sciammarella and his collaborators (Sciammarella and Lamberti, 2007;Sciammarella et al, 2010). Fig.…”

“…Since the fundamental pitches of p and s-wave fringes are, respectively, p pm =3.356 μm and p sm =2.258 μm, the corresponding angles are φ pm,sper =10.860° and φ sm,sper =16.425°. If the birefringence effect is neglected in the glass slide, the theoretical values of the angles of the p and s-wave fronts emerging in the saline solution can be expressed as follows (the full derivation is given in Sciammarella et al, 2010): …”

Holography at the Nano Level With Visible Light Wavelengths

“…In Refs. [9,10], there are two attempts to analyze the formation of interference fringes originated by evanescent illumination in presence of residual stresses on glass surfaces. Before proceeding to further analyze generation of multiple k plane waves, some properties of the scattered light must be recalled.…”

“…The results of the model including equations (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) There is a third family of fringes that has been detected in Figure 5d and it is shown in Figure 7. Because the microscope slide acts like an interferometer, it is possible to observe two families of fringes of absolute retardation and the third family of fringes of relative retardation.…”