Light Naphtha Isomerization Process: A Review

Valavarasu, G.; Sairam, B.

doi:10.1080/10916466.2010.504931

Cited by 66 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In their review, Valavarasu and Sairam [67] concluded that isomerisation of light naphtha streams rich in pentanes and hexanes typically results in an increase of 10-22 RON. Hence, converting from 0 RON to ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-Heptane hydroconversion over sulfated-zirconia-supported molybdenum carbide catalysts

2016

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Molybdenum carbide on sulfated zirconia was prepared by impregnation of MoO 3 on sulfated zirconia to give a loading of 5 wt% followed by carburisation at 923 K in a mixture of CH 4 /H 2 (4:1). The resulting catalyst was characterised by N 2 adsorption-desorption, CO chemisorption, FTIR of pyridine adsorption, XRD, TPR, TGA, Raman and SEM-EDX. This combination of characterisation studies suggests formation of a well-dispersed Mo 2 C phase over tetragonal zirconia. When employed in the hydroconversion of n-heptane, high temperature and low space velocity lead to substantial cracking. However, under some conditions, an increase in the research octane number (RON) from 0 (n-heptane) to ca. 50 was attained. Between 723 and 873 K, n-heptane is mainly cracked to iso-pentane and ethane. The product distribution as a function of conversion suggests that the reaction did not simply follow a consecutive reaction pathway, but that other parallel routes were involved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-Heptane hydroconversion over sulfated-zirconia-supported molybdenum carbide catalysts

2016

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“…In recent years, gasoline manufacturers have been required to impose new and more restrictive standards, especially concerning the contents of olefins and aromatic compounds in gasoline. This fact limits the use of reforming and catalytic cracking in refineries and has a goal of improving the ecological situation on the planet [1]. As a consequence, the reaction of n-alkane isomerization has gained importance, since it is a safe and ecologically favorable way to increase the octane number of gasoline by yielding di-and trimethyl isomers of normal alkanes which replace the hazardous high octane number compounds the contents of which have now been limited [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of selected process parameters on the reactions of n-hexane isomerization and transesterification catalyzed by sulfated zirconia

Stojkovic¹,

Vasić²,

Ljupković³

et al. 2017

Adv techn

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In view of the recent (ever) increasing need for environmentally friendly fuels, the processes of n-alkane isomerization and triglyceride(s) transesterification have gained importance because they enable the reduction of emissions of various hazardous substances into the environment. In this paper, sulfated ZrO 2 as a heterogeneous acid catalyst was used in model reactions of isomerization of n-hexane and transesterification of sunflower oil. The goal of this research was to determine the optimal process parameters for isomerization and transesterification reactions, since they can have a large influence on both ecological and economical validity of these processes when used on the industrial scale. For the transesterification process, the parameters investigated were: the catalyst loading and methanol to oil molar ratio whereas in the isomerization reaction, the optimal process temperature was determined. The catalyst loading was proven to increase the yield of transesterification, but only until the mass percentage of the catalyst reaches 10%. The optimum methanol to oil molar ratio was shown to be 60:1, as further increase of the methanol amount decreases the transesterification yield. The temperature of 325 ⁰C was determined to be optimal for the reaction of n-hexane isomerization under the experimental conditions applied.

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“…All of the benzene rings in the LSRN feed are hydrogenated in the first reactor and some conversion of cyclohexane (CH) and methyl cyclopentane (MCP) to hexanes also occurs, as does some hydrocracking of C 7 components to C 3 and C 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major elements of Penex (DIH) isomerization processes are reactors operated using chlorinatedalumina (Pt/Al 2 O 3 -Cl) as catalyst [3,4]. This catalyst is proven to be active at lower temperatures (120-180 o C) in which equilibrium favorable to produce iso-paraffins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Balance And Reaction Kinetics Modeling For Penex Isomerization Process In Daura Refinery

Hamadi

Kadhim²

2017

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Penex Deisohexanizer isomerization of light straight run naphtha is a significant process for petroleum refining and proved to be effective technology to produce gasoline components with a high octane number. Modeling of the chemical kinetic reactions is an important tool because it is a better tool for optimization of the experimental data into parameters used for industrial reactors. The present study deals on the isomerization process in Daura refinery. Material balance calculations were done mathematically on the unit for the kinetics prediction purpose. A kinetic mathematical model was derived for the prediction rate constants K 1 and K 2 and activation energy Ea at operating temperatures range 120-180 o C. According to the model, the results show that with increasing of temperature leads to increased K 1 directly, where the K 2 values proportional inversely. The activation energy results show that Ea 1 (nC6) < Ea 1 (C5) < Ea 1 (CH) , and for Ea 2 (iC5) < Ea 2 (2,2-DMB) < Ea 2 (2,3-DMB) < Ea 2 (MCP) ..

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Light Naphtha Isomerization Process: A Review

Cited by 66 publications

References 18 publications

n-Heptane hydroconversion over sulfated-zirconia-supported molybdenum carbide catalysts

n-Heptane hydroconversion over sulfated-zirconia-supported molybdenum carbide catalysts

The influence of selected process parameters on the reactions of n-hexane isomerization and transesterification catalyzed by sulfated zirconia

Material Balance And Reaction Kinetics Modeling For Penex Isomerization Process In Daura Refinery

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