Lignocellulolytic Activities among Trichoderma Isolates from Lahad Datu, Sabah and Deception Island, Antarctic

Abstract

Trichoderma species have the potential for application in composting as biological control agents in controlling disease and increasing yield of production in the agricultural industry. The prevalent soil fungus of Trichoderma produces lignocellulolytic enzymes that assist the degradation of woody lignocellulose materials. The aim of the experimental work was to check the potential of lignocellulolytic Trichoderma fungi for the use of rapid composting of oil palm empty fruit bunches fibers. Fifty-two of Trichoderma isolates from Sabah and seven isolates from Antarctic were examined for in-vitro lignocellulolytic activity by assaying their ability to develop dark brown pigments, yellow halo zone, and clear white zone on tannic acid media (TAM) for lignin; Jensen Media (JM) for cellulose; and modified Melin-Nokrans media (MMNM) for starch. The best six Sabah Trichoderma isolates (5D, 10L2, 10P, 5E, 10X, and 10E2) were found to be potential lignocellulolytic agents based on their diameter of halo zone formed on amended media for further testing of in vitro bioconversion of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The diameters of halo zones were measured for the analysis of their ability in degrading lignin, cellulose, and starch. In contrast, Antarctic Trichoderma isolates consistently exhibited lower lignocellulolytic activities based on their smaller diameter of halo zone formed on TAM, JM, and MMNM. Most of the Trichoderma isolates are found to synthesize polyphenol oxidase, endoglucanases, and are able to hydrolyze starch to glucose in the three different media. Thus, the finding shows the potential of these isolates for use in large-scale composting of oil palm empty fruit bunches.

Importation of psychrotolerant fungi to Antarctica associated with wooden cargo packaging

“…Trichoderma and Mucor are both globally ubiquitous in soils and are thought to contribute to the degradation of plant debris through the production of extracellular enzymes but are generally not able to degrade lignocelluloses (Eida et al 2011, Błaszczyk et al 2016. Both genera have been isolated previously from sub-Antarctic islands and maritime and continental Antarctica (Corte & Daglio 1964, Sugiyama 1970, Hurst et al 1983, Kerry 1984, Fletcher et al 1985, McRae & Seppelt 1999, Bradner et al 2000, Kochkina et al 2012, Saili et al 2014.…”

Effective composting of empty fruit bunches using potential Trichoderma strains

“…The procedure for isolating, screening and measuring enzymatic activity of Trichoderma isolates has been previously described by Shafawati et al [10] . Based on the enzymatic activity results, the two best potential strains were selected and used in the composting process.…”

“…According to Goyal et al [6] , fungi are actively involved in the decomposition of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin present in organic matter. The composting process can be accelerated to as take as little as one month by the inoculation of cellulolytic fungi such as Aspergillus and Trichoderma [7] , [8] , [9] due to their ability to produce enzymes that can degrade cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin [10] , [11] . The Trichoderma species has proven to be able to effectively degrade organic matter.…”

Dekomposisi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Cendawan Pelapuk

“…Goyal et al (2005) menyatakan bahwa cendawan secara aktif terlibat dalam dekomposisi selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin pada bahan organik. Proses pengomposan dapat dipercepat satu bulan dengan inokulasi cendawan selulolitik seperti Aspergillus, Pleurotus dan Trichoderma (Biswas and Narayanasamy, 2002;Amira et al, 2012), karena kemampuannya menghasilkan enzim yang dapat menurunkan selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin (Shafawati et al, 2014;Gaind et al, 2006). Spesies Trichoderma telah terbukti mampu secara efektif mendegradasi bahan organik, sebagai agen kontrol biologis, dan menghasilkan racun terhadap jamur fitopatogenik sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman (Zainuddin and Faridah, 2008;Pandya and Saraf, 2010).…”