Limbs generated at site of tail amputation in marbled balloon frog after vitamin A treatment

Mohanty-Hejmadi, P.; Dutta, Sushil Kumar; Mahapatra, Pravati Kumari

doi:10.1038/355352a0

Cited by 109 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For example, after amputation through the hand, instead of regenerating a hand as the controls would, the RA-treated limb regenerates a complete limb or often a complete pair of limbs from the amputation plane (Niazi & Saxena, 1978;Maden, 1982Maden, , 1983Niazi & Ratnasamy, 1984). Most amazingly of all, a tadpole tail can be induced to regenerate not a new tail but a number of hindlimbs from the amputation plane after RA treatment (Mohanty-Hejmadi et al 1992;Maden, 1993), showing a complete homeotic transformation of tissue type.…”

Section: Post-embryonic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of retinoic acid in embryonic and post-embryonic development

Maden

2000

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

116

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Retinoic acid (RA) is the bioactive metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) which acts on cells to establish or change the pattern of gene activity. Retinol is converted to RA by the action of two types of enzyme, retinol dehydrogenases and retinal dehydrogenases. In the nucleus RA acts as a ligand to activate two families of transcription factors, the RA receptors (RAR) and the retinoid X receptors (RXR) which heterodimerize and bind to the upstream sequences of RA-responsive genes. Thus, in addition to the well-established experimental paradigm of depriving animals of vitamin A to determine the role of RA in embryonic and post-embryonic development, molecular biology has provided us with two additional methodologies: knockout the enzymes or the RAR and RXR in the mouse embryo. The distribution of the enzymes and receptors, and recent experiments to determine the endogenous distribution of RA in the embryo are described here, as well as the effects on the embryo of knocking out the enzymes and receptors. In addition, recent studies using the classical vitamin A-deprivation technique are described, as they have provided novel insights into the regions of the embryo which crucially require RA, and the gene pathways involved in their development. Finally, the post-embryonic or regenerating systems in which RA plays a part are described, i.e. the regenerating limb, lung regeneration, hair cell regeneration in the ear and spinal cord regeneration in the adult.

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Section: Post-embryonic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of retinoic acid in embryonic and post-embryonic development

Maden

2000

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

116

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“…Recently, a most remarkable effect of RA was observed in the tadpoles of an Indian frog species, Uperodon systoma (2). Tadpoles whose tails had been amputated generated hindlimbs instead of tails when placed in water with retinyl palmitate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Limb and lower-body duplications induced by retinoic acid in mice.

Rutledge

Shourbaji

Hughes

et al. 1994

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Deformities can be generated in amphibians by several means, including changes in predation, endoparasite infestation and disease, ultraviolet (UV) radiation (direct or by chemical modification), mineral depletion (e.g., calcium and magnesium), and natural or man-made chemicals (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Certain retinoids are capable of producing many types of developmental abnormalities in a range of species with differences in response within species determined primarily by dose and by time of exposure (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). There is also ample evidence to support complex interaction among endocrine factors (22)(23)(24) In the predictive integration of ecologic and human health effects, the issues associated with surrogate/bioindicator/sentinel species become pivotal.…”

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confidence: 99%