LIME CALCINED CLAY CEMENT (LC3): A Review

Reddy, S. Sahith; Reddy, M. Achyutha Kumar

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/796/1/012037

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Nowadays, more than 80% of the SCMs used to reduce the clinker factor in cement are either, fly ash, blast furnace slag and silica fume, but the limited supply of these industrial by-product SCM makes it difficult to pursue this strategy. The only material available in quantity and quality capable of meeting the growing demand of the cement is clay containing kaolinite which can be calcined to produce metakaolin, an effective SCM (Scrivener et al, 2016;Cancio Díaz, 2017;Antoni et al, 2012;Marangu, 2020;Reddy & Reddy, 2021;Duchesne & Bérubé, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of an Eco-Cement by Clinker Substitution by the Mixture of Calcined Clay and Limestone, Songololo (DR Congo)

Onanga,

Manuku,

Khalifa

et al. 2023

GEP

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Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is by mass the largest manufactured product on Earth, responsible for approximately 6% -8% of global anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions (CO 2 ) and 35% of industrial CO 2 emissions. On average 0.8 to 0.9 ton of CO 2 is emitted to produce one ton of OPC. In this paper, partial substitution of clinker (30% -35%) by the calcined clay-limestone mixture was investigated in order to produce an eco-cement (LC3). Analyzes by XRF, XRD and ATG/ATD have characterized different components, determined the calcination temperature and selected the right clay which can act as effective Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM). Mechanical tests on mortar carried out over a period of 90 days. The WBCSD/WRI "Greenhouse Gas Protocol" methodology then allowed the calculation of CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere. Three types of clay are available in the Songololo Region. The kaolinite is the principal clay mineral and its content varies from 27% to 34%. The sum of kaolinite and amorphous phase which enable clay to react with cementitious material ranges from 57% to 60%. The SiO 2 content ranges from 33% to 76%, the Alumina content from 12% to 20% so that the ratio Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 is on the higher side (0.17 -0.53). The calcination window is between 750˚C and 850˚C and the best clay which can act as SCM identified. The clinker's substitution reduced CO 2 emissions from 0.824 ton of CO 2 for one ton of OPC to 0.640 ton of CO 2 for one ton of LC3, means 22% less emissions. The compressive strengths developed by LC3 vary from 8.91 to 57.6 MPa (Day 1 to Day 90), exceed those of references 32.5 cement and are close to 42.5 cement. In view of the results, LC3 cement can be considered for industrial trials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of an Eco-Cement by Clinker Substitution by the Mixture of Calcined Clay and Limestone, Songololo (DR Congo)

Onanga,

Manuku,

Khalifa

et al. 2023

GEP

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Hardening of Mortars from Blended Cement with Opoka Additive in CO2 Environment

Siauciunas,

Prichockiene,

Valancius

et al. 2024

Ceramics

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The influence of the parameters of accelerated carbonization in a 99.9% CO2 environment on the hardening kinetics of blended cement with 15 wt% opoka additive, the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting products, the mineralogical composition, and the amount of absorbed CO2 were investigated. Sedimentary rock opoka was found to have opal silica and calcite as its predominant constituent parts. Therefore, these properties determine that it serves as an extremely suitable raw material and a source of both SiO2 and CaO. The strength properties of the mortars (blended cement/standard sand = 1:3) were similar or even better than those of samples based on Ordinary Portland cement (OPC): the compressive strength exceeded 50 MPa under optimal conditions. In blended cement, some of the pores are filled with fine-dispersed opoka, which can lead to an increase in strength. By reducing the amount of OPC in mixtures, the negative impact of its production on the environment is reduced accordingly. Using XRD, DSC, and TG methods, it was determined that replacing 15 wt% of OPC clinker with opoka does not affect the mineralogy of the crystalline phases as the same compounds are obtained. After determining the optimal parameters for sample preparation and hardening, in accordance with the obtained numbers, concrete pavers of industrial dimensions (100 × 100 × 50 mm) were produced. Their strength indicators were even ~10% better.

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LIME CALCINED CLAY CEMENT (LC3): A Review

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Production of an Eco-Cement by Clinker Substitution by the Mixture of Calcined Clay and Limestone, Songololo (DR Congo)

Production of an Eco-Cement by Clinker Substitution by the Mixture of Calcined Clay and Limestone, Songololo (DR Congo)

Hardening of Mortars from Blended Cement with Opoka Additive in CO2 Environment

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