Linear and non-linear analyses of heart rate variability: a minireview

Mansier, P.; Clairambault, Jean; Charlotte, N.; Médigue, Claire; Vermeiren, C.; LePape, Gilles; Carré, François; Gounaropoulou, Athanassia; Swynghedauw, Bernard

doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(96)00009-0

Cited by 83 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, frequency-domain approaches have the following limitations: 1) Information about the time sequence of HR dynamics can be lost. Without this information, it is difficult to assess how PCE affects the reaction to a specific intervention such as orthostatic stress; 2) Some frequency-domain approaches assume a certain kind of stability in the time series data; such an assumption may not be tenable when measurements take place both before and after an intervention (15,16); and 3) There is some disagreement about how to define high frequency and low frequency. Moreover, different summary statistics have been used to measure power over a frequency band, and final conclusions may be sensitive to the manner in which power is measured.…”

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confidence: 99%

Autonomic Alterations in Cocaine-Exposed Neonates Following Orthostatic Stress

et al. 2007

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ABSTRACT:We investigated the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in the presence of orthostatic stress among near-and full-term neonates. PCE infants (n ϭ 21) and controls (n ϭ 23) were enrolled within 120 h of birth. ECG was recorded for an hour during quiet sleep, 30 min in supine position and then 30 min in an inclined position. Linear mixed models were used to analyze HR and HRV in the time domain and wavelet and power spectrum analyses in the frequency domain. PCE infants had tachycardia both before (p ϭ 0.091) and after tilting (p ϭ 0.015), but with a clear interaction between PCE and orthostatic stress (p ϭ 0.049). Compared with controls, PCE infants had a delayed and prolonged reaction to orthostatic stress. There was also a pronounced interaction with regard to log-transformed SDDRR, a measure of HRV (p ϭ 0.049). Controls experienced an instantaneous increase in log (SDDRR) followed by a prompt return to normal levels, while PCE infants had a gradual increase that did not dissipate quickly. Frequency-domain analyses also distinguished between the cocaine-exposed infants and the controls. Results suggest that the effects of PCE on the development of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems could lead to altered cardiovascular function. H eart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) are increasingly used to detect a variety of pathophysiologic alterations in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation of cardiac control mechanisms (1). Infants who succumb to sudden infant death syndrome have higher HR and reduced HRV compared with other infants; one speculation is that autonomic disturbances may lead to cardiac instability or may indicate ANS alterations with the potential to affect other vital functions (2). Moreover, the circadian range of HR and certain quantities related to blood pressure (BP) are predictors of neonatal cardiovascular events (3). Hence, power spectrum analysis (PSA) of HRV has been used to assess fetal viability and maturity of the ANS (4,5).Cocaine use by pregnant women has continued to be a prevalent public health problem. Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) may lead to abruptio placentae, premature delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital malformations, and fetal death (6 -8). However, controversy exists regarding the influences of PCE on the ANS control mechanism and on neonatal cardiovascular function. Some studies (9 -11), have found elevated HR and reduced HRV in infants with PCE. On the other hand, Regalado et al. (12) found reduced HR and increased HRV following PCE, while another study focusing on the nonlinear dynamics of HRV (13) found no significant differences between PCE infants and controls in spectral power distribution, approximate entropy, correlation dimension, or nonlinear predictability. Spectral analyses in particular have not yielded a consensus about the nature of PCEinduced autonomic alterations. Higher HRV was attributed to increased spectral power across all frequency bands in quiet sl...

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confidence: 99%

Autonomic Alterations in Cocaine-Exposed Neonates Following Orthostatic Stress

et al. 2007

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“…In general, it can be estimated from the minimal number of cubes while varying r. It is also known as a box-counting dimension (Mandelbrot 1982;Goldberger et al 1990;Mansier et al 1996;Ishizawa et al 2000). For example, when the tachogram is recorded for 5, 50 and 500 min, fast erratic fluctuations seem to vary in a similar manner to the slower fluctuations (self-similarity at different time scales; Grassberger & Procaccia 1983).…”

Section: Nonlinear Analysis Methods Of Cardiovascular Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity of cardiovascular regulation in small animals

Aubert

Vandeput

Beckers

et al. 2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Oscillations of heart rate and blood pressure are related to the activity of the underlying control mechanism. They have been investigated mostly with linear methods in the time and frequency domains. Also, in recent years, many different nonlinear analysis methods have been applied for the evaluation of cardiovascular variability. This review presents the most commonly used nonlinear methods. Physiological understanding is obtained from various results from small animals.

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“…Non-linear phenomena are determined by complex interactions of haemodynamic, electrophysiological and humoral variables, as well as by autonomic and central nervous regulations. It has been speculated that analysis of HRV based on the methods of non-linear dynamics might elicit valuable information for the physiological interpretation of HRV and for the assessment of the risk of sudden death (Mansier P et al, 1996).…”

Section: Non Linear Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%