Linear body measurements and productivity of subtropical<scp>Holstein–Friesian</scp>dairy calves

Hewitt, A. C. T.; Olchowy, T. W. J.; James, Ameh; Fraser, Brandon; Ranjbar, Shahab; Soust, Martin; Alawneh, J. I.

doi:10.1111/avj.12950

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Calf growth parameters are useful indicators of future dairy cow performance [ 22 ]. In the present study, calves assigned to the CS treatment groups exhibited greater body length and chest depth growth, however chest girth were not different in the body measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding different levels of dietary corn silage on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial community of post-weaning dairy calves

Li,

Qu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Anim Biosci

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Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance, rumen fermentation parameters and bacterial community of post-weaning dairy calves in response to five diets varying in corn silage (CS) inclusion.Methods: A total of forty Holstein weaned bull calves (80±3 days of age;128.2±5.03 kg at study initiation) were randomized into five groups (8 calves/group) with each receiving one of five dietary treatments offered as total mixed ration in a 123-d feeding study. Dietary treatments were control diet (CON; 0% CS dry matter [DM]); Treatment 1 (T1; 27.2% CS DM); Treatment 2 (T2; 46.5% CS DM); Treatment 3 (T3; 54.8% CS DM); and Treatment 4 (T4; 67.2% CS DM) with all diets balanced for similar protein and energy concentration.Results: Results showed that calves offered CS had greater average daily gain, body length and chest depth growth, meanwhile altered rumen fermentation indicated by decreased rumen acetate concentrations. Principal coordinate analysis showed the rumen bacterial community structure was affected by varying CS inclusion diets. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant bacterial phyla in the calf rumens across all treatments. At the genus level, the abundance of Bacteroidales_RF16_group was increased, whereas Unclassified_ Lachnospiraceae was decreased for calves fed CS. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation test between the rumen bacteria and rumen fermentation parameters indicated that Bacteroidales_RF16_group and Unclassified Lachnospiraceae were positively correlated with propionate and acetate, respectively.Conclusion: The results of the current study suggested that diet CS inclusion was beneficial for post-weaning dairy calf growth, with 27.2% to 46.5% CS of diet DM recommended to achieve improved growth performance. Bacteroidales_RF16_group and Unclassified Lachnospiraceae play an important role in the rumen fermentation pattern for post-weaning calves fed CS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding different levels of dietary corn silage on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial community of post-weaning dairy calves

Li,

Qu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Anim Biosci

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“…The relationship between body measurements and BW has been explored in both calves and feeder cattle. Measurements of heart girth have consistently had the strongest relationship to BW and measurements of hip width consistently have the second strongest relationship ( Tatum et al, 1986b ; Hewitt et al, 2020 ). Since hip width was minimally related to frame size ( Tatum et al, 1986b ), using hip width to predict BW could offer value across breed types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beef embryos in dairy cows: calfhood growth of Angus-sired calves from Holstein, Jersey, and crossbred beef dams

Fuerniss,

Young,

Hall

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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Improved reproductive management has allowed dairy cow pregnancies to be optimized for beef production. The objective of this sire-controlled study was to characterize the effects of beef or dairy maternal genetics and the dairy management system on calf growth. Pregnancies were created with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of dam breed (Holstein or Jersey) and mating type (artificial insemination or implantation of an in vitro produced embryo from a commercial beef cow oocyte). Resulting calves were reared in a calf ranch. Additionally, commercial beef cows were inseminated and reared resulting calves on range. Therefore, the five treatments were Angus × Holstein (A×H; n = 19), Angus × Jersey (A×J; n = 22), Angus × beef gestated by Holstein (H-ET; n = 18), Angus × beef gestated by Jersey (J-ET; n = 8), and Angus × beef raised by beef (A×B; n = 20). Beginning at birth, calf body weight, cannon circumference, forearm circumference, top width, hip width, and hip height were measured approximately every 28 days until approximately 196 days of age. At birth, A×J calves weighed the least (P < 0.01). At 150 days of age, body weight was greatest (P < 0.05) among A×B calves, intermediate among H-ET and A×H calves, and least among J-ET and A×J calves (P < 0.05). Morphometric differences were detected between treatments (MANOVA P < 0.01). Primary discriminant function scores identified A×B calves having lesser values than A×J or A×H calves (ANOVA P < 0.01); A×B calves had greater cannon circumference, greater top width, and less hip height (standardized loadings of -0.47, -0.48, and 0.63, respectively). Secondary discriminant function scores identified J ET and H ET to have greater forearm circumference—a key indicator of muscling—than A×J or A×H (ANOVA P < 0.01; standardized loading of 0.99). The dairy management system limited growth rate of beef genetics compared to the beef management system. In addition, Holstein dams transmitted greater growth potential than Jersey dams. Replacing maternal dairy genetics with beef genetics moderated frame size and created a more muscular phenotype.

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“…SVS/128/18). A detailed description of the study’s methodology is described elsewhere [ 28 ]. Briefly, forty-four healthy newborn (male = 16, female = 28) Holstein-Friesian (HF; n = 26) and HF cross breed (n = 18) calves were randomly selected and enrolled.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Lactobacilli-Based Direct-Fed Microbial Product on Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Morphological Changes

Alawneh,

Ramay,

Olchowy

et al. 2024

Animals

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The calf’s gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome undergoes rapid shifts during early post-natal life, which can directly affect calf performance. The objectives of this study were to characterise and compare differences in the establishment and succession of GIT microbiota, GIT morphological changes, and the growth of dairy calves from birth until weaned. Forty-four newborn Holstein-Friesian calves were randomly selected and assigned to Treatment (TRT) and Control (CON) groups. The TRT group calves received a once-daily dose of a direct-fed microbial (DFM) liquid product containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Lentilactobacillus buchneri, and Lacticaseibacillus casei, all formerly known as Lactobacillus. Fresh faecal samples were manually taken from the rectum of all calves, and gross necropsy was performed on the forestomachs and gastrointestinal tracts. Bacterial DNA was extracted from frozen faecal samples for 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Calves in the TRT group had greater live weights (p = 0.02) at weaning compared with calves in the CON group (mean = 69.18 kg, SD = 13.37 kg). The average daily live weight gain (ADG) and total feed intake were similar between the two groups. Calves in the TRT group had greater duodenum, abomasum, and reticulum weights (p = 0.05). Rumen and intestinal development (p < 0.05) and faecal microbial diversity (p < 0.05) were more pronounced in the TRT group. The relative abundances of eight genera differed (p < 0.001) between the groups. Supplementing calves with the LAB-based DFM increased live weight at weaning and had a more pronounced effect on the development of rumen and the gastrointestinal tract and on microbiota diversity and evenness. Future work is needed to better understand the potential association of LAB-DFM products on gut mucosa-associated microbiota.

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Linear body measurements and productivity of subtropicalHolstein–Friesiandairy calves

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of feeding different levels of dietary corn silage on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial community of post-weaning dairy calves

Effects of feeding different levels of dietary corn silage on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial community of post-weaning dairy calves

Beef embryos in dairy cows: calfhood growth of Angus-sired calves from Holstein, Jersey, and crossbred beef dams

Effect of a Lactobacilli-Based Direct-Fed Microbial Product on Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Morphological Changes

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