Linear Loss of Insulin Secretory Capacity During the Last Six Months Preceding IDDM: No effect of antiedematous therapy with ketotifen

Böhmer, K.; Kolb, Hubert; Kuglin, B.; Zielasek, Jürgen; Hübinger, A; Lampeter, E. F.; Weber, Bruno; Kolb-Bachofen, Victoria; Jastram, H.-U.; Bertrams, J.; Gries, F. A.

doi:10.2337/diacare.17.2.138

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Th2 associated mediators were not affected by autoantibody status (IL-13), tended to be increased (IL-5, IL-10), or were decreased in serum levels (MCP-1). These findings do not bear on the bias toward Th1-type cytokines in type 1 diabetes as reported by many groups (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42). However, among patients with type 1 diabetes, a multiple islet autoantibody positivity does not associate with a further enhanced systemic Th1 bias.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

An Association of Autoantibody Status and Serum Cytokine Levels in Type 1 Diabetes

Hanifi-Moghaddam¹,

Schloot²,

Kappler³

et al. 2003

Diabetes

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At onset of type 1 diabetes, the islet autoantibody status of patients has been reported to predict progression of the disease. We therefore tested the hypothesis that the systemic immunoregulatory balance, as defined by levels of circulating cytokines and chemokines, is associated with islet autoantibody status. In 50 patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes, antibodies to GAD and insulinoma-associated antigen 2 (IA-2) were analyzed by radioimmunoassay; cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies were determined by indirect immunofluorescence.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

An Association of Autoantibody Status and Serum Cytokine Levels in Type 1 Diabetes

Hanifi-Moghaddam¹,

Schloot²,

Kappler³

et al. 2003

Diabetes

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“…Bohmer et al (22) followed the immune activation state looking for a final "immunologic burst" in five patients with "high-normal blood glucose" and low insulin production (Ͻ2.5 percentile) on intravenous glucose tolerance tests. They found tumor necrosis factor-␣ elevated in four of five patients, with no change during the study, and normal levels of serum ␤ 2 microglobulin and CRP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels in the Development of Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2004

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Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels have previously been described before the onset of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. We hypothesized that inflammation, as reflected by elevated CRP levels, can help predict development of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes. Children at risk for type 1 diabetes and followed in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study of the Young (DAISY) had blood samples drawn and frozen serum saved at various intervals after birth. CRP was measured using a high-sensitivity sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Islet autoantibodies (IAs) were measured using biochemical immunoassays. Elevations in CRP concentrations were significantly more frequent (P < 0.01) in children who later developed type 1 diabetes (8 of 16 children) than in children negative for IAs at their last testing (3 of 26). Children with one or more positive IA were more likely to have elevated CRP concentrations (15 of 36) than IA-negative children (3 of 26; P < 0.01). The finding of elevated CRP levels in infants and young children before the onset of type 1 diabetes adds to the evidence that the disease is an immunoinflammatory disorder. The elevated CRP levels may provide an additional marker for risk of progression to type 1 diabetes.

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“…It was tested if the antiedematous therapy with this histamine antagonist would preserve β-cell function. The treatment did not induce protection 25 . Nicotinamide was tested in two large clinical trials, ENDIT 26 and DENIS 27 .…”

Section: Secondary Prevention -Treating Subjects Who Have Developed Imentioning

confidence: 87%

“…No evidence was found that BCG vaccination could prevent against β-cell-damaging processes leading to T1D in genetically at-risk children. Ketotifen was administered to islet autoantibody-positive subjects 25 . It was tested if the antiedematous therapy with this histamine antagonist would preserve β-cell function.…”

Section: Secondary Prevention -Treating Subjects Who Have Developed Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Lernmark

Larsson

2013

Nat Rev Endocrinol

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(200 words) Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder directed against the pancreatic islet β cells. The genetic risk for the disease is linked to HLA-DQ genotypes and unknown environmental triggers. In most countries, only 10-15% of newly diagnosed T1D children or young adults have a first degree relative with the disease. Autoantibodies against insulin, GAD65, IA-2 or ZnT8 transporter mark islet autoimmunity. These islet autoantibodies may develop already at 1-2 years of age. Immune therapy in T1D is approached at three stages. Primary prevention is treatment of subjects at increased genetic risk. The TRIGR trial is testing if hydrolyzed casein milk formula may reduce T1D in genetically predisposed infants. Secondary prevention is in subjects with persistent islet autoantibodies. On-going trials are either non-autoantigen (BCG, CD3 monoclonal antibodies) or autoantigen (oral and nasal insulin or Alum-formulated GAD65) specific. Intervention at diabetes onset include non-autoantigen (CD3 monoclonal antibodies, IL-2 receptor antibodies, Il-1b receptor inhibitor, Il-1b antibodies, BCG, ATG, DiaPep277) and autoantigen (proinsulin peptides) specific therapy. Although preserved beta-cell function long term has been difficult to achieve in many prior studies, considerable progress is being made through controlled clinical trials and animal investigations to uncover mechanisms of beta-cell destruction. Novel therapies that would prevent islet autoimmunity or halt progressive beta-cell destruction need to be designed.

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Linear Loss of Insulin Secretory Capacity During the Last Six Months Preceding IDDM: No effect of antiedematous therapy with ketotifen

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

An Association of Autoantibody Status and Serum Cytokine Levels in Type 1 Diabetes

An Association of Autoantibody Status and Serum Cytokine Levels in Type 1 Diabetes

Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels in the Development of Type 1 Diabetes

Immune therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus

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