Linear viscoelasticity and structure of polypropylene–montmorillonite nanocomposites

Rohlmann, Cora Otilia; Failla, Marcelo Daniel; Quinzani, Lidia M.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2006.08.044

Cited by 64 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, a fraction more or less important of the original clay particles remains unmodified. 12 In Table II, it is seen that the blend with 4 wt % of clay, not included in the plots, shows minimum values for a WAXS , a DSC , and H. In addition, the first and second thermograms obtained on this sample [see Fig. 3(a,b)] are practically identical.…”

Section: Dependence Of Crystallinity On Clay Contentmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…5,10 One of the methods most frequently used consists in melt mixing the polymer with the clay. 4,[10][11][12][13][14] However, to obtain a homogeneous dispersion of silicate particles in a nonpolar polymer matrix, i.e., isotactic polypropylene, iPP, is a difficult process. This is due to the fact that clay is incompatible with iPP, and the clay particles tend to agglomerate, giving rise to poorer physical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second step is to perform the melt compounding of the organosilicate either with iPP alone, 2,13 with iPP containing a small amount of functionalized monomers, 10 or with iPP and additional coupling agents, i.e., polypropylene oligomers or maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene. 4,11,12,14 The melt compounding is made by using a polymer mixer or extruder under shear conditions. Using this method, exfoliated or intercalated polymer-clay nanocomposites can be obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using this method, exfoliated or intercalated polymer-clay nanocomposites can be obtained. 4,[10][11][12][13][14] Another efficient way to break down the nanoparticle agglomerates consists in preparing the nanocomposites by means of the reactive melt mixing. Generally, a peroxide is used as the source of oxy radicals, 15 the peroxide decomposing under the appropriate processing conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nanostructure and micromechanical properties of reversibly crosslinked isotactic polypropylene/clay composites

Bouhelal

Cagiao

Khellaf

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Recent developments concerning the methodology used to prepare composites of iPP and nanoclays are reported. Conventional (reactive melt mixing) and in situ preparations were performed, and the structural properties exhibited by the composites are discussed. Results suggest that the nanoclay could exhibit partial and, maybe, total exfoliation within the composites. Adhesion between the polymeric matrix and the nanoclay layers is similar to that obtained after grafting. The experimental procedure used and the analysis performed by means of the wide-angle X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry techniques permit to describe, at nanoscale level, the contribution of the nanoclay to the polymer composite system. The microhardness values of the iPP-clay composites depend on the clay content and on the preparation method, and linearly correlate, according to the additivity law, with the degree of crystallinity.

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Section: Dependence Of Crystallinity On Clay Contentmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nanostructure and micromechanical properties of reversibly crosslinked isotactic polypropylene/clay composites

Bouhelal

Cagiao

Khellaf

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…The properties improvement of nanocomposites is correlated with the intercalation/exfoliation and dispersion of clay layer silicate in polymer matrix. Exfoliation of polymer in layered silicate depends on several factors such as types of clay, organic modifier, and polymer matrix [12,13]. In general, for PP/clay nanocomposites, a functionalized polymer such as PP grafted with maleic anhydride (PPgMAH) is added to improve the interfacial interaction and compatibility between PP and clays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of antistatic agent on the mechanical, morphological and antistatic properties of polypropylene/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites

Chow¹,

Tham²

2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Polypropylene (PP) and PP/organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) compounds containing antistatic agent (3, 6 and 9 wt%) were prepared using co-rotating twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. PP/OMMT composites were prepared by mixing of PP, OMMT and maleated PP (PPgMAH). The mechanical properties of PP blends and PP/OMMT nanocomposites were studied by tensile and impact tests. The effect of antistatic agent (AA) on the surface resistivity of PP and PP/OMMT nanocomposites were studied. The morphological properties of PP blends and PP/OMMT nanocomposites were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The intercalation of OMMT silicates layer in PP nanocomposites was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The impact strength of PP blends and PP/OMMT nanocomposites did not vary significantly by the addition of antistatic agent. The tensile modulus and tensile strength of PP/OMMT nanocomposites were slightly decreased with the increasing loading of antistatic agents. From FESEM analysis, the dispersion of antistatic agent in the PP matrix can be revealed. In addition, the surface resistivity of PP/OMMT compound was affected by the loading of antistatic agent. XRD results indicated the formation of intercalated nanocomposites for PP/OMMT/AA.

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Photo‐oxidation of polystyrene/clay nanocomposites under accelerated UV exposure: Effect on the structure and molecular weight

Remili¹,

Kaci²,

Kachbi³

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The present work investigates the effects of photo-oxidation under accelerated UV conditions on the structure, the molecular weight and the morphology of polystyrene (PS)/organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) at various clay contents: 2.5, 5, and 7 wt %. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, viscosimetry and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the extent of degradation of nanocomposite samples in comparison with neat PS, up to 216 h of exposure. The study has shown that the formation rates of both carbonyl and hydroperoxide groups increase with exposure time, being much higher for PS/OMMT nanocomposites. Moreover, it is also observed that all samples exhibit a large increase in the scission index, however less pronounced for neat PS. These results clearly indicate the formation of low molecular weight products that could arise from chain scission. Further, the photo-oxidation rate seems to be more affected by the presence of clay, which acts as a catalyst, rather than by the variation of clay contents. Finally, the degraded materials exhibit eroded surface.

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Linear viscoelasticity and structure of polypropylene–montmorillonite nanocomposites

Cited by 64 publications

References 23 publications

Nanostructure and micromechanical properties of reversibly crosslinked isotactic polypropylene/clay composites

Nanostructure and micromechanical properties of reversibly crosslinked isotactic polypropylene/clay composites

Effects of antistatic agent on the mechanical, morphological and antistatic properties of polypropylene/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites

Photo‐oxidation of polystyrene/clay nanocomposites under accelerated UV exposure: Effect on the structure and molecular weight

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