LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Thin-Film Cathodes on Gold-Coated Stainless Steel Substrates: Formation of Interlayers and Electrochemical Properties

Lithium Polyacrylate (LiPAA) as an Advanced Binder and a Passivating Agent for High‐Voltage Li‐Ion Batteries

“…In general, the main contribution to the overall cell impedance comes from the cathode side, as clearly seen in charts a–d of Figure 2 . It has been reported that the PVdF‐LNMO cathodes in standard electrolyte solutions contain surface films which consist of various organic and inorganic species, including polyethylene carbonate (PEC), oxalates, Mn 2+/3+ /Ni 2+ β‐diketonate coordination complexes, metal fluorides (e.g., LiF, MnF 2 , NiF 2 ), PF 3 O, and Li x PO y F z species . Due to the poor Li + transport properties of many of these species, the impedance of PVdF‐LNMO cathodes is remarkably higher than that of regular graphite anodes and hence determines the full cell's impedance .…”

How interdiffusion affects the electrochemical performance of LiMn2O4 thin films on stainless steel

“…Li et al used platinum (Pt) on aluminum (Al) as substrate. Further studies with Pt, 19,20 gold 21,22 (Au), stainless-steel 23 (StSt) or metal alloy 24 substrates have been published and show similar behaviour. 15 Komaba et al reported a relationship between the temperature of the crystallization process and the cycling performance of LMO thin-layers on a StSt substrate.…”

In Situ Formation of a Cathode–Electrolyte Interface with Enhanced Stability by Titanium Substitution for High Voltage Spinel Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…A Warburg impedance arises in the low frequency region and is attributed to the semi-infi nite intercalation of Li + in the bulk of active materials. [ 25,32 ] Figure S7a (Supporting Information) shows the Nyquist plots of the cathodes. The R fi lm appeared in a frequency range of 1M-50 Hz, while the R ct appeared in a range of 50-0.2 Hz.…”

“…They have identifi ed polyethylene carbonate (PEC), [ 30,31 ] metal fl uorides (e.g., LiF, MnF 2 , NiF 2 ), [ 9 ] λ-MnO 2 , [ 25 ] and PF 3 O. [ 32 ] The F 1s spectra of the cycled spinel cathodes shown in Figure S1 (Supporting Information) reveals that residual LiPF 6 salt and its decomposition products (e.g., Li x PO y F z ) are concentrated at the cathode surfaces (≈30 nm depths), and that their binding energies (BE) are around 687-688 eV. [ 33,34 ] After removal of the surface LiPF 6 and/or Li x PO y F z by further sputtering, peaks from the metal fl uorides emerge and increase at 685-686 eV [ 35 ] and become dominant after 20-30 nm depth, which is consistent with earlier reports.…”