Linkage Analysis of Endogenous Viral Element 1, Blue Eggshell, and Pea Comb Loci in Chickens

Bartlett, Jacquelaine; Jones, C. P.; Smith, E. J.; Crittenden, L. B.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a022957

Cited by 22 publications

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“…In 1933, Punnett firstly reported that blue or green shell appearance of the Araucana was determined by a single genetic factor, traditionally denoted as oocyan ( O ) [8]. A series of linkage analysis involving O have been performed with O affirmatively mapped to the short arm of chromosome 1 [12]–[16], and closely linked to ev1 and P which was identified as SRY ( sex determining region Y)-box 5 ( SOX5 ) [12], [13], [16], [17]. In the region around ev1 , two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs15297163 and rs15297165) were found to be highly associated with the blue eggshell phenotype [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An EAV-HP Insertion in 5′ Flanking Region of SLCO1B3 Causes Blue Eggshell in the Chicken

et al. 2013

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The genetic determination of eggshell coloration has not been determined in birds. Here we report that the blue eggshell is caused by an EAV-HP insertion that promotes the expression of SLCO1B3 gene in the uterus (shell gland) of the oviduct in chicken. In this study, the genetic map location of the blue eggshell gene was refined by linkage analysis in an F2 chicken population, and four candidate genes within the refined interval were subsequently tested for their expression levels in the shell gland of the uterus from blue-shelled and non-blue-shelled hens. SLCO1B3 gene was found to be the only one expressed in the uterus of blue-shelled hens but not in that of non-blue-shelled hens. Results from a pyrosequencing analysis showed that only the allele of SLCO1B3 from blue-shelled chickens was expressed in the uterus of heterozygous hens (O*LC/O*N). SLCO1B3 gene belongs to the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family; and the OATPs, functioning as membrane transporters, have been reported for the transportation of amphipathic organic compounds, including bile salt in mammals. We subsequently resequenced the whole genomic region of SLCO1B3 and discovered an EAV-HP insertion in the 5′ flanking region of SLCO1B3. The EAV-HP insertion was found closely associated with blue eggshell phenotype following complete Mendelian segregation. In situ hybridization also demonstrated that the blue eggshell is associated with ectopic expression of SLCO1B3 in shell glands of uterus. Our finding strongly suggests that the EAV-HP insertion is the causative mutation for the blue eggshell phenotype. The insertion was also found in another Chinese blue-shelled breed and an American blue-shelled breed. In addition, we found that the insertion site in the blue-shelled chickens from Araucana is different from that in Chinese breeds, which implied independent integration events in the blue-shelled chickens from the two continents, providing a parallel evolutionary example at the molecular level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An EAV-HP Insertion in 5′ Flanking Region of SLCO1B3 Causes Blue Eggshell in the Chicken

et al. 2013

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“…Because of the different recombination rates of the different segments in chicken chromosome 1, to get the genomic sequence interval for O is impossible based on only one molecular marker (ev1) reported by Bartlett et al (1996). In this study, the O locus has been located in a molecular marker interval for the first time (also the first genomic sequence interval), A-(tg) n (Chr1: 67,296,140,571), which is useful to fine-map and choose candidate genes for blue eggshell gene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bitgood et al (1985Bitgood et al ( , 2000 mapped the blue shell gene (O) on the short arm of chromosome 1 using translocation break points. Bartlett et al (1996) reported that O was closely linked to the endogenous viral element 1 (ev1) on chromosome 1 with a genetic distance of 1.8 cM, which was the first molecular marker of O. Zhao et al (2007) found that two transversions in intron 1 of SLCO1C1 (A locus) were associated with O þ (O þ indicates that the allele at O locus causes blue shell pigmentation, while O À is the allele for wild-type shell pigmentation) in an artificiallyproduced chicken population which held hens with three kinds of genotypes for O locus,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localisation of the genomic sequence interval for the blue eggshell gene using an F2 resource population of Dongxiang chickens

Wang¹,

Bai²,

Zhao³

et al. 2010

British Poultry Science

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1. In order to identify the molecular interval containing the blue shell gene (O locus), linkage analysis was conducted with three microsatellite markers, (TTA)(n), (TG)(n) and (tg)(n), and a SNP in intron 1 of SLCO1C1 (solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 1C1; A locus) to map the O locus in an F2 resource population of Dongxiang chickens. 2. Linkage analysis based on 98 F2 hens resulted in estimation of the best map order of the O locus with other linked markers as: (TTA)(n)-(TG)(n)-A-O-(tg)(n). 3. Based on these results, we inferred that the O locus was located between the A and (tg)(n) loci, that is, Chr1:67,296,991-69,140,571, which is the first genomic sequence interval to be established for the blue eggshell gene.

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“…PCR conditions, allele sizes, heterozygosity, and exclusionary power for each marker were determined with parental DNA. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood of potential sires, inseminated hens and offspring using a modified phenol lysis method (Sambrook et al, 1989;Bartlett et al, 1996). Genomic DNA (50 ng) from each animal was aliquoted into 96-well v-bottom micotitre plates (USA Scientific, Ocala, FL, USA).…”

Section: Parentage Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Field testing the influence of sperm competition based on sperm mobility in breeder turkey toms

Donoghue

Kirby

Froman

et al. 2003

British Poultry Science

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1. Commercial reproduction of turkeys relies on pooling of semen from multiple males for inseminations. Understanding how sperm characteristics influence paternity under commercial breeding conditions is important to improving production efficiency. 2. The objective of this study was to evaluate progeny production of individual toms following commercial practices of pooling semen to determine if sperm mobility influences progeny production in field conditions. 3. A total of 104 toms were evaluated for sperm mobility. A subset of 10 toms were housed together and semen was collected, pooled and used to inseminate hens (n = 28). Hens were inseminated at 30 weeks of age and weekly thereafter. 4. Ejaculates from each tom were evaluated on two separate days for sperm mobility. Semen from each tom was diluted and layered upon 6% (wt/vol) Accudenz solution. The sperm suspension was incubated at 41 degrees C for 5 min and absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer. 5. Toms were ranked by absorbance and categorised as high or low if mobility score was +/- 1 SD from the flock mean (average). 6. For parentage determination, DNA was extracted from tom, hen and poult blood. Poult parentage (n = 276) was determined at one day of age or at 14 weeks by analysis of marker genotypes that were generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of genomic DNA with selected microsatellite markers. 7. Sperm mobility differed across males with absorbance values ranging from 0.147 to 0.366. 8. Findings demonstrate differences in poult production among individual toms when semen from multiple males was pooled and inseminated. Toms classified as high, average and low produced 55, 41 and 4% of the offspring, respectively. 9. It appears that sperm mobility is a trait that influences sperm competition among toms under field conditions where sperm numbers inseminated from individual toms are not controlled or constant and that toms with low sperm mobility produce few offspring.

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Linkage Analysis of Endogenous Viral Element 1, Blue Eggshell, and Pea Comb Loci in Chickens

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

An EAV-HP Insertion in 5′ Flanking Region of SLCO1B3 Causes Blue Eggshell in the Chicken

An EAV-HP Insertion in 5′ Flanking Region of SLCO1B3 Causes Blue Eggshell in the Chicken

Localisation of the genomic sequence interval for the blue eggshell gene using an F2 resource population of Dongxiang chickens

Field testing the influence of sperm competition based on sperm mobility in breeder turkey toms

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