Linkage of Infection to Adverse Systemic Complications: Periodontal Disease, Toll-Like Receptors, and Other Pattern Recognition Systems

Wallet, Shannon M.; Puri, Vishwajeet; Gibson, Frank C.

doi:10.3390/vaccines6020021

Cited by 52 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 287 publications

(339 reference statements)

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“…An association between cardiovascular (CV) and periodontal diseases has been highlighted in several epidemiological studies (Beukers, Heijden, Wijk, & Loos, ; Gualtero, Lafaurie, & Fontanilla, ; Humphrey, Fu, Buckley, Freeman, & Helfand, ; Kholy, Genco, & Dyke, ; Nazir, ; Reichert et al, ; Tonetti, Van Dyke, & working group 1 of the joint EFP/AAP workshop, ). The relationship between both diseases is based on biological plausibility (Gualtero et al, ; Kholy et al, ; Wallet, Puri, & Gibson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal pathogens and their role in cardiovascular outcome

Schulz

Schlitt

Hofmann

et al. 2019

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aim: Periodontitis has been identified as a moderate but independent risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease and progression. The objective of this study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01045070) was to assess subgingival colonization with selected periodontal pathogens on the occurrence of further adverse CV events in a cohort of CV patients. Methods: The prevalence of severe periodontitis including the detection of 11 periodontal pathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, P. intermdia, Peptostreptococcus micros, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, Eikenella corrodens, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Capnocytophaga ochracea; HAIN-Diagnostica ® ) was analysed in 1,002 CV patients The prognostic impact of periodontal pathogens for combined CV endpoint (stroke/TIA, myocardial infarction, CV death, death from stroke) was evaluated after a 3-year follow-up period. Hazard ratios (HRs) were adjusted for established CV risk factors applying Cox regression. Results:In the Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank test: p < .001) and Cox regression (HR: 0.545, 95%-CI: 0.387-0.773; p = .001), the decreased occurrence of E. corrodens was shown to be an independent predictor for adverse CV events after 3 years of follow-up. Conclusions:The detection of E. corrodens was associated with a reduced risk of adverse CV events in patients with CV disease. The pathophysiological background underlying this association should be investigated in further studies. K E Y W O R D Sadverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular disease, E. corrodens, longitudinal cohort study, microbiology, severe periodontitis

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal pathogens and their role in cardiovascular outcome

Schulz

Schlitt

Hofmann

et al. 2019

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…Various immune cells, including macrophages and DCs, have multiple pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). TLRs are a family of cell membrane receptors that initiate cellular signal transduction associated with mycobacterial infection [34]. We demonstrated that MAP1889c binds TLR4 molecules in DCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis MAP1889c Protein Induces Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Drives Th2-Biased Immune Responses

Park

Back

Son

et al. 2020

Cells

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“…TLR -mediated signaling also contribute importantly to cardiovascular disease. For a recent review of this particular subject, see [99] .…”

Section: Effects Of Bacterial Infection Of Vasculaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis microbiome: upcoming target for vaccine and drug development

Kozarov¹,

Progulske‐Fox²

2020

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and is one critical area of the medical sciences. Atherosclerosis is the main underlying pathology and is characterized by chronic inflammation of the arterial walls. The current treatment modalities for CVD target hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hemostasis, and suppress inflammation without directly addressing the origin of inflammation. Thus, many individuals with multiple classic risk factors for CVD do not experience acute ischemic events. Moreover, myocardial infarction and stroke continue to occur in up to two-thirds of all patients. Because many cardiovascular events have not been explained by genetics or other risk factors, and multiple epidemiologic studies have consistently suggested an infectious component, the introduction of entirely novel approaches for diagnostics and treatment that target infections are acutely needed. These complementary novel approaches addressing additional manageable risk factors such as infections will be based on the concept of personalized medicine to control CVD and achieve longevity, while also increasing the quality of life. There are a variety of avenues that could enable such novel approaches. These focus on the discovery and characterization of the infective component of atherosclerosis, the atherosclerosis microbiome. Specifically, we provide an update of the latest developments in the oral microbiome and its relation to CVD.

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Linkage of Infection to Adverse Systemic Complications: Periodontal Disease, Toll-Like Receptors, and Other Pattern Recognition Systems

Cited by 52 publications

References 287 publications

Periodontal pathogens and their role in cardiovascular outcome

Periodontal pathogens and their role in cardiovascular outcome

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis MAP1889c Protein Induces Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Drives Th2-Biased Immune Responses

Atherosclerosis microbiome: upcoming target for vaccine and drug development

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