Linking gender, extramarital affairs, and HIV: a mixed methods study on contextual determinants of extramarital affairs in rural Tanzania

Mtenga, Sally; Pfeiffer, Constanze; Tanner, Marcel; Geubbels, Eveline; Merten, Sonja

doi:10.1186/s12981-018-0199-6

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Power inequities in relationships were reported -women interpreted some of the men's behaviour as holding a patriarchal position while men also perceived social undermining by wives. These were also noted by Leburu-Masigo (2019) and Mtenga et al (2018). This study further shows that retaliation by both husbands and wives, as well as the victims' next-of-kin exacerbated the incidents.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Police interventions in victims’ encounters of intimate partner violence in a rural setting

Gumani

2022

South African Journal of Psychology

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One of the most frequently experienced types of violent crime in South African rural communities is interpersonal violence, which includes intimate partner violence. Rural policing is among the vital forms of intervention required to manage such incidents. This article employs a qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis approach, to describe and interpret police members’ experiences of policing victims’ encounters of intimate partner violence in the rural Vhembe district in Limpopo. Fifteen police members, from the two South African Police Service’s subprogrammes: Visible Policing and Detective Service were sampled through purposive sampling. Unstructured open-ended interviews, field notes, diaries, and follow-up telephone interviews were used as data-collection methods. Data were analysed in accordance with the interpretative phenomenological analysis guidelines. The findings show that intimate partner violence in matrimonial and intimate relationships is common in this district; that it manifests as physical, emotional, sexual violence, and controlling behaviour and affects women, men, children, and the victims’ next-of-kin, with men mostly being the perpetrators. Paradoxes on the home front and cultural customs shape how the incidents are handled in the district communities and also determine the implementation of policing of the incidents leading to incident-focussed and evasive intervention strategies. The findings have implications for police training, further research, collaborative community stakeholder workshops, and setting up intimate partner violence community capacity-building centres.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Police interventions in victims’ encounters of intimate partner violence in a rural setting

Gumani

2022

South African Journal of Psychology

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“…Furthermore, the conviction that someone using contraceptive methods is susceptible to being unfaithful is another limiting factor to use FP 28. When a married woman uses contraceptive methods (mainly without her partner’s knowledge) that implies she has extraconjugal affairs and does not want to be caught with an unexpected pregnancy 28 50. However, previously, researchers highlighted that some women are ready to use contraceptive methods without their partner’s knowledge27 to protect themselves from approaching births and consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to family planning use in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: an application of the theory of planned behaviour using a longitudinal survey

2023

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ObjectiveIn the Democratic Republic of the Congo, there is a low adherence of the population to the use of family planning (FP) due to various social barriers. This study aimed to understand the drives from social barriers to the use of FP in women in the Kivu, a region particularly affected by poverty and many years of conflicts. A theory of planned behaviour (TPB) using a generalised structural equation modelling has been applied to understand the complex sociocultural drivers to the intention and the ultimate decision to use FP.DesignLongitudinal study.SettingA community-based approach was used to investigate FP use in the North and South-Kivu regions.ParticipantsOverall, 1812 women 15 years and older were enrolled in the baseline study and 1055 were retrieved during the follow-up.Primary and secondary outcomesFP use and intention to use FP.ResultsThe mean age was 36±12.9 years, with a minimum of 15 years old and a maximum of 94 years old. Among sexually active participants, more than 40% used a modern contraceptive method at the last sexual intercourse. Education was positively and significantly associated with intention to use FP (β=0.367; p=0.008). Being married was positively and marginally significantly associated with intention to use FP (β=0.524: p=0.050). Subjective normswere negatively and significantly associated with intention to use FP (β=−0.572; p=0.003) whileperceived controlwas positively associated with intention to use FP (β=0.578; p<0.0001). Education andperceived controlwere positively and significantly associated with the use of FP (respectively, β=0.422, p=0.017; and β=0.374; p=0.017), whileIntention to use FPwas positively and marginally significantly associated with the use of FP (β=0.583; p=0.052).ConclusionTPB helped understand sociocultural barriers to FP use and it can be useful to define adapted strategies in different contexts.

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“…We found that men were more likely to have experienced anal sex, transactional sex, have multiple sexual partners, and use condoms (Table 1). Gender differences in sexual practices have been established in similar populations [12]. The influence of sociodemographic characteristics on the relationship between sexual behavior and HIV status was explored in a better fitting model that adjusted for these characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Behaviors and HIV Status: A Population-Based Study among Youths and Adults in Tanzania

Ayinde¹,

Adeoti²,

C³

et al. 2021

J Infect Dis Epidemiol

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Introduction: HIV remains a global epidemic in the world, especially in African countries, despite various efforts to reduce the spread of this disease. Eastern Africa nations, specifically Tanzania, are one of the top ten HIV infected countries with approximately 80% of its population living with HIV. Heterosexual intercourse remains the most common method of HIV transmission in these countries, and efforts that improve responsible sexual intercourse would help limit the spread of the virus. Method:We used the publicly available Tanzania HIV Impact Survey, a population-based cross-sectional national household survey, collected between 2016 and 2017. A total of 35,588 youths and adults aged 15 years and above were used for analysis. The outcome measure was prior knowledge of HIV status, coded as positive, negative, or unknown. Independent variables were various sexual behaviors. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between sexual behaviors and the outcome variable in the crude model. We controlled for sociodemographic characteristics in the final model. Results:The mean age of the respondents was about 32 years and they mostly had primary level of education. We found gender differences in sexual behaviors, including engaging in anal and transactional sex. In the demographicadjusted model, compared to those with unknown HIV status, people who use condoms during sexual intercourse were 36% more likely to be known HIV status (OR = 1.36, p < 0.05) and 5.9 times more likely to be known HIV positive status (OR = 5.85, p < 0.05) than those who do not use condoms. Also, individuals in polygamous (OR = 3.31, p < 0.05) or non-polygamous (OR = 3.15, p < 0.05) relationships were 3.3 and 3.2 times more likely to be known HIV negative status than single people. Similarly, being in a polygamous (OR = 1.54, p < 0.05) or non-polygamous (OR = 2.00, p < 0.05) union increases the likelihood of knowing one's HIV status as positive when compared to those who do not know their status.Conclusions: Since socio-economic factors played a major role in determining how sexual behaviors are affected by the knowledge of HIV status, we recommend more interventions targeted at the following: Increasing HIV counseling and testing among men, people with low level of education (primary or less), low income, and people not in committed sexual unions. Furthermore, addressing the social determinants of health would help improve sexual behaviors and increase the uptake of HIV testing in this region.

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Linking gender, extramarital affairs, and HIV: a mixed methods study on contextual determinants of extramarital affairs in rural Tanzania

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Police interventions in victims’ encounters of intimate partner violence in a rural setting

Police interventions in victims’ encounters of intimate partner violence in a rural setting

Barriers to family planning use in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: an application of the theory of planned behaviour using a longitudinal survey

Sexual Behaviors and HIV Status: A Population-Based Study among Youths and Adults in Tanzania

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