Purpose -The aim of this article is to identify the motivations driving the process of changing sourcing strategy from single sourcing to multiple sourcing or vice versa. Design/methodology/approach -Ten cases of sourcing strategy change were investigated. A qualitative research method is used to uncover the richness of these change processes. Findings -Most of the advantages and disadvantages stated in the literature were confirmed. Identical objectives (cost cutting and quality improvement) were present in all cases, although changes took place in opposite directions. Contextual factors, such as standardisation and supplier base reduction efforts shape purchasing strategy more than previously thought. The dynamic nature of the product lifecycle also seems to be an important determinant.Research limitations/implications -Although the results of qualitative case study research can only be "generalised" in a limited way, the case details help to identify the dynamics of sourcing strategy switches and to interpret the rationale behind these moves. Confirmatory follow-up research covering both the demand and supply side of the market is needed. Practical implications -Switching sourcing modes is of strategic relevance to managers as lifecycle costing strategies are influenced by them. Managers should plan these decisions more effectively, evaluating the factual pros and cons of a proposed sourcing mode switch and taking the dynamics of supply markets into account. Originality/value -The importance of the different motives for sourcing strategy changes clearly varies with the dynamism of the context (market situations and strategic intentions of buyers). A model linking the buyers' portfolio matrix to the product life cycle on the supply market is proposed.Keywords Single sourcing, Purchasing, Sourcing, Strategic change, Supplier evaluation
Paper type Research paperAn executive summary for managers and executive readers can be found at the end of this issue.
Problem statementOne of the most important strategic problems facing purchasing managers is the selection of an appropriate number of suppliers for each product purchased. Several solutions have been presented in literature, ranging from single sourcing via dual and parallel sourcing (Richardson, 1993) to multiple sourcing. Each strategy has its advantages and drawbacks. Most of the research takes a static approach to purchasing strategy and considers the chosen sourcing option to be relatively stable over time. But strategies do change. So far, only Dubois and Gadde (1996) and Araujo et al. (1999) have depicted changes in sourcing strategies. In this paper the existing literature is complemented by identifying changes in sourcing strategy and by investigating the following questions:.