Lipase activity of the particulate fractions of the pigeon breast muscle and its significance in the metabolism of the muscle

George, J. C.; Talesara, C. L.

doi:10.1002/jcp.1030600105

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The foregoing conclusion is also in accord with earlier histochemical findings that pigeon breast muscle contains a high concentration of lipase, particularly in the red fibres, which is capable of splitting neutral fat into fatty acids and glycerol (George & Talesara, 1962). Furthermore, the breast muscle of the starling Sturnus roseus was found to have an increased capacity for fatty acid oxidation in the post-migratory compared to the pre-migratory season (George & Vallyathan,I 964).…”

Section: Fuel Utilizationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Physiological Responses Of Birds To Flight And Running

Brackenbury

1984

Biological Reviews

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Summary 1. The energy required for sustained physical activity in flying and running birds is obtained from fatty acids mobilized from adipose stores under the influence of hormones. There is some evidence that glucagon, insulin and growth hormone may be involved in this process. 2. Energy expenditure can increase up to 14 times and 12 times resting values in flying and running birds, respectively. Energy expenditure varies only slightly over the normal range of flight speeds in individual species, but in running birds there is a linear correlation between oxygen consumption and speed. The slope of this relationship is an inverse function of body weight and indicates the energy cost of transport in ml O2.kg‐1.m‐1. 3. Increased oxygen demands by the working muscles are met by increased ventilation and circulation. Increased oxygen delivery by the blood is achieved by rises in cardiac output and oxygen extraction. Cardiac stroke volume changes relatively little and the increased cardiac output results mainly from an increase in heart rate. Regional blood distribution during exercise may be determined not only by the demands of the locomotory muscles but also by the need to increase heat loss from the skin and respiratory tract. 4. Ventilatory movements during flight are frequently synchronized in a I:I fashion with wing movements. Increased ventilation during flight and running may be stimulated, not only by the need for increased gas exchange, but also in order to raise heat loss by respiratory evaporation. Thermal hyperventilation carries a risk of CO, washout from the lungs and consequent blood alkalosis. The risk is minimized in some species by appropriate alterations in the rate and depth of breathing, which help to confine excess ventilation to the respiratory dead space. 5. Metabolic heat produced during exercise is either lost from the respiratory linings and the skin, or stored by the body with a resultant rise in body temperature. Changes in peripheral blood perfusion and active regulation of the feathers may assist cutaneous heat loss. Respiratory evaporation usually accounts for less than 30% of the total heat loss, even at high air temperatures, and becomes progressively less efficient at higher exercise intensities. At high air temperatures and high exercise intensities, most of the metabolic heat is stored, and exercise duration is limited as the body temperature approaches the upper lethal limit.

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Section: Fuel Utilizationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Physiological Responses Of Birds To Flight And Running

Brackenbury

1984

Biological Reviews

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“…Similarly a relationship exist between seasonal variation in blood biochemistry, shifts in diet and body condition in a single population of white tailed deer (Moen, 1978;Hawley, 1987). Since triglycerides are the storage form of fat in the body, serving as building blocks for cells and utilized to create energy they are to be broken down to fatty acids and glycerol by lipase as the first step in the use of fat for muscular energy (George and Talesara, 1962;George, 1964). As described previously the increase or decrease in the values are subjected to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, thus the increases in plasma-free fatty acids as coupled with the decrease in liver triglycerides and free fatty acids is reported by Esher et al (1973); Heard and Whittier (1997).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ANNUAL VARIATION IN SERUM LIPID PROFILE OF THE INDIAN MALE FLYING FOX Rousettus leschenaulti (DESMEREST)

Masram¹,

ijrbat²

2014

IJRBAT

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Although bats of the genus Rousettus are important ecologically as pollinators and natural hosts for zoonotic pathogens, little is known about their basic physiology. Therefore lipid profile which includes cholesterol and triglyceride have been analyzed. Cholesterol is a waxy fat used for cellular function and production of hormone and triglyceride , which is the main storage form of fat in the body, serves as building blocks for cells and are used to create energy, is synthesized in the liver from proteins and carbohydrates, and also come from the fats in food.For the present study the blood serum of 36 male Indian fruit bats, Rousettus leschenaulti (Desmerest) was analyzed in a complete calendar year from their natural roost, Mansar / Kandri mines, Nagpur, Maharashtra (20°2"N, 78°95E). The highest values were recorded during May-September and December, depicting less exposure to stress, less utilization of required energy resulting into less dehydration of body fluids. In March the significant decline was recorded in serum triglyceride level and relatively (intermediate) constant-values were recorded during rest of the months January, February, April, May, October and November. A significant decline in the March might be due to breeding stress, and probably enhancement in the sexual behavior, aggressive approach towards female, competition among males and onset of summer. Such studies provide basic physiologic information that can be used in future for health and disease studies of Indian flying fox.

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