Lipid cell tumor of the ovary: An ultrastructural study

Ishida, Tsunehiro; Okagaki, Takashi; Tagatz, George E.; Jacobson, Maynard E.; Doe, Richard P.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197707)40:1<234::aid-cncr2820400136>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 19 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The intercellular canalicular system and microvilli were not observed in those studies. This structural feature has been described in theca granulosa cells and virilizing lipid cell tumor of the ovary in a woman and was interpreted as a system for transport of steroid precursors [3].…”

Section: R Elwell a Depaoli And G D Whitneymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoplasmic Crystalloids in the Ovary of a Woolly Monkey

Elwell¹,

DePaoli²,

Whitney³

1980

Vet Pathol

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Section: R Elwell a Depaoli And G D Whitneymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoplasmic Crystalloids in the Ovary of a Woolly Monkey

Elwell¹,

DePaoli²,

Whitney³

1980

Vet Pathol

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“…A decade later, Ramos et al clinically and morphologically examined several lipid-rich carcinomas of the breast and concluded that those tumors had a more aggressive behavior (59). Since then, increased numbers of LDs were observed in various cancers such as breast(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65), colon adenocarcinomas(66)(67)(68)(69), pancreatic cancer (70-72), prostate cancer (73), glioblastoma(74,75), liver tumor(76,77), cervical carcinoma cells(78,79), lung carcinoma cells(80,81) and ovarian cancer(82,83).Accioly et al, reported increased numbers of lipid bodies (LDs) in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (CACO-2, LOVO, HT-29, and HCT-116 cells) and in a H-rasV12transformed intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC-6 H-rasV12) as compared with nontransformed IEC-6 cells. COX-2 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthase (which is believed to promote tumor growth) were increased in the CACO-2 cells as compared to the IEC-6 cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

A novel role for DGATs in cancer

Hernández-Corbacho

Obeid

2019

Advances in Biological Regulation

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The de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids begins with the condensation of serine and palmitoyl-CoA, a reaction catalyzed by the ER-located enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) (reactions are depicted in Figure 1). Its product, 3-ketodihydrosphingosine, is converted to dihydrosphingosine by the enzyme 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase (KDHR). Ceramide synthases (CerS1-6) N-acetylate the dihydrosphingosine backbone to form dihydroceramide, which can be then transformed to ceramide by the enzyme dihydroceramide desaturase (DES). Interestingly, ceramide can be further modified at the 1hydroxyl position to form more complex sphingolipids (Figure1). For instance, ceramide kinase (CERK) catalyzes its phosphorylation to generate ceramide-1-phosphate. Sphingomyelin is the product of the sphingomyelin synthases activity (SMS1-2), which transfer a phosphocholine moiety from phosphatidylcholine to the 1-O-position. Glucosylceramides are produced by the addition of UDP-galactose (galactosyltransferase, CGT) or UDP-glucose (glucosylceramide, GCS) at the ceramide backbone. More recently, we discovered the formation of O-acylceramides by the addition of a fatty acyl (FA) chain at the 1 or 3-O-hydroxyl and catalyzed by the ceramide O-acyltransferase activity of diacylglycerol acyltransferase, DGAT 1 or 2 enzymes (see in detail below) (2). Interestingly, CerS1-6, fatty acyl-CoA synthase (ACSL) and DGAT2 were found to form a multi-enzyme complex on the ER-LD interface (2) (Figure 2). The salvage pathway is regulated by several enzymes, such as sphingomyelinases (neutral, acid or alkaline; SMase) or by the cleavage of glycosphingolipids, controlled by βglucosidases (GCases) and galactosidases (GalC). Likewise, ceramidases (CDases) breakdown ceramide generating sphingosine, which can either be phosphorylated to sphingosine-1-phosphate by the action of sphingosine kinases (SK1-2) or re-acylated to ceramide by ceramide synthases (CerS1-6). Hydrolysis of acyl-ceramides may also contribute to the generation of ceramides. However, the enzyme(s) that catalyze(s) this reaction remains unknown. 2. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes Triacylglycerides (TAG) are the principal source of energy storage in eukaryotic cells. TGs are neutral lipids formed by a glycerol backbone and three molecules of fatty acids (FA) covalently linked by ester bonds. FAs need to be activated to acyl-CoA FAs by the ACSL enzyme. Because of their hydrophobic nature, TGs are stored in plasma lipoproteins or in cytosolic LDs. TGs can be synthesized within the cell by two pathways: the glycerol phosphate or Kennedy pathway and the monoacylglycerol pathway. Both pathways converge into the last reaction of TAG synthesis, where diacylglycerol (DG) is converted to TAG by the action of the acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.1.20) enzyme (3). Mammals have two DGAT enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2. However, they are members of two different gene families and differ in their tissue distribution. Recent studies have concluded that DGAT1 and DGAT2 differ ...

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A stromal leydig cell tumor of the ovary occurring in a pregnant 15-year-old girl. Ultrastructural findings

Paoletti¹,

Pridjian²,

Okagaki³

et al. 1987

Cancer

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The first case of stromal Leydig cell tumor of the ovary occurring during pregnancy is reported. A 15-year-old girl presented in labor at 36.5 weeks of gestation. The tumor mass was obstructing labor and the patient had to be delivered by cesarean section. Unique features of this case included the young age of the patient, the large size of the tumor, and the associated pregnancy. The tumor was encapsulated and showed the typical histologic and ultrastructural features of ovarian stromal Leydig cell tumor. The literature is reviewed, and the differential diagnosis is discussed.Cancer 60:2806-2810, 1987. HE OVARIAN STROMAL LEYDIG CELL TUMOR iS aT rare neoplasm, with only six cases reported in the literature.'.* The usual presentation is in the postmenopausal female who is often virilized, due to the clinically significant amounts of androgens produced by this neoplasm. We report a case of a stromal Leydig cell tumor of the ovary encountered near term in a pregnant 15 year old girl. Case ReportThe patient, a 15-year-old gravida 1 para 0 black female, presented in labor at 36.5 weeks gestation. She complained of facial edema and temporal headaches, and was considered to show signs of mild preeclampsia. Clinical examination revealed a large, firm nontender mass in the cul-de-sac. Ultrasound showed a homogeneous echogenic mass approximately 10 cm in greatest dimension. This mass was felt to be ostructing labor, and displacing the uterine cervix anteriorly and superiorly. A cesarean section was performed, and a 2300-g female infant was delivered without difficulty. A large, firm, encapsulated tumor was present in the right ovary. The tumor did not appear to involve the ovarian hilus, and was blunt-dissected from the ovarian tissue. The patient was not obviously virilized, but on further questioning had noted an increase in facial and body hair, and deepening of the voice during the second half of the pregnancy. Hormonal tests were not performed preoperatively. There was no evidence of virilization of the female infant. The patient showed partial regression of the virilization and was well 2.5 years after diagnosis. The child was developing normally. ResultsThe ovarian tumor consisted of an oval mass which measured 12.0 X 10.0 X 4.0 cm, and weighed 320 g. A thick, smooth, glistening tan-white capsule was present. On sectioning, the tumor was homogeneous, solid, soft, edematous, and composed of yellow-tan tissue. Histologically, the tumor was surrounded by a thin rim of ovarian tissue composed of stromal cells containing primordial follicles, which suggested that the tumor was cortical or subcortical in origin. The tumor, which showed marked edema, consisted of nests of plump, polygonal Leydig cells with abundant, eosinophilic, slightly granular cytoplasm (Fig. 1 ), and round-to-oval uniform nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Fig. 2). The nests of Leydig cells were admixed with a population of ovoid and spindle shaped cells with pale cytoplasm and with a thecoma-like appearance. Crystalloids of Reinke were focally identifi...

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Lipid cell tumor of the ovary: An ultrastructural study

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Cytoplasmic Crystalloids in the Ovary of a Woolly Monkey

Cytoplasmic Crystalloids in the Ovary of a Woolly Monkey

A novel role for DGATs in cancer

A stromal leydig cell tumor of the ovary occurring in a pregnant 15-year-old girl. Ultrastructural findings

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