Lipid profile and fatty acid composition of marine fish species from Northeast coast of Brazil

Ercan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

In this study, it was investigated to increase the lipid yield of the microalgae Schizochytrium sp., by applying different cell disruption methods. Therefore, acid treatment with HCl, osmotic shock, enzyme applications and ultrasonic homogenizer were tried in this algae species combined with the Bligh and Dyer and Soxhlet methods as an alternative to classical lipid extraction methods. As a result of the study, the highest lipid value (21.72 ± 0.74%) was obtained in enzyme application with Bligh and Dyer method (BDE). The cell disruption processes increased the lipid yield compared to the control groups. The highest PUFA DHA was found in the range of 4.58 ± 2.44-19.25 ± 0.09%, and the highest value was observed in the BDE group. Highest SFA was palmitic acid. Effective results were observed in the Bligh and Dyer applied groups in terms of both total lipid and total fatty acids. In cell disruption methods, particularly in enzyme and HCl extraction, good results were obtained in terms of fatty acids. The highest total fatty acids and the highest lipid content were detected in the Bligh and Dyer enzyme (BDE). Enzyme applications are also advantageous because of being environmentally friendly. Lipid health indices such as n-6/n-3, PUFA/SFA, Atherogenicity index (AI), Thrombogenicity index (TI) and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratios (HH) were almost favorable. With this study, an appropriate lipid extraction methods were determined to provide an economical and environmental friendly suggestion for future studies to be used in areas such as food, feed and cosmetics.

Section: Fatty Acidssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of different cell disruption methods on lipid yield of Schizochytrium sp.

İsa

Ercan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

“…An increase of n‐3/n‐6 ratio in the human diet is essential to help prevent coronary heart diseases and to reduce the risk of cancer (Emre et al, 2018). Gonçalves et al (2020) reported that n‐6/n‐3 ratio below 4.0 in a diet indicate desirable quantities for cardiovascular risk prevention. In our study, n‐6/n‐3 ratio was obtained between 0.27 and 1.2 that is below that limit and n‐3 fatty acids, as DHA, are significant components of the brain, retina, and sperm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing consumption of fish and fish products rich in n‐3 PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids), which is important for human health, and poor in n‐6 PUFA, should be encouraged (Massresha et al, 2017). The EPA + DHA content is another important indicator of beneficial effects (Gonçalves et al, 2020). n‐3 PUFA play an important role in the prevention and treatment of heart attacks, cardiovascular diseases, depression, migraine‐type headaches, joint rheumatism, diabetes, high cholesterol, and blood pressure, some types of allergies, cancer, arthritis, asthma, psoriasis disease, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases (Achouri et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the effects of sex and harvesting season on lipid and fatty acid composition of Sparidae species

Alparslan

Yapıcı

et al. 2021

Lipids

In the present study, the lipid amount and fatty acid profile of different Sparidae species, including gilthead seabream, juvenile gilthead seabream, annular seabream, white seabream, common two-banded seabream were evaluated. Fish were seasonally collected from Köyce giz Lagoon (Mu gla, South Western Turkey) from June 2018 to June 2019 and after collection, the sex of each specimen was recorded. According to the results of the study, the highest lipid amount was found in female annular seabream individuals as 8.09 AE 0.78% in November and the lowest lipid amount was found in male juvenile gilthead seabream as 0.98 AE 0.12% in March. Palmitic acid and oleic acid were determined as the most abundant SFA and MUFA for all species, respectively. The highest value of DHA, which was the predominant PUFA was assessed as 15.33 AE 0.26% in female white seabream in November whereas the lowest value (3.83 AE 0.36%) was found in gilthead seabream in December. The n-6/n-3 ratio was determined between 0.27 AE 0.00 (for male common two-banded seabream in July)-1.20 AE 0.03 (for male gilthead seabream in December) and it followed within the range of healthy values for all species. As a conclusion, it was found that values of lipid and fatty acid profiles among the examined Sparidae species vary among the season of collection. The results of the study gave the seasonal nutritional values of four economically-important Sparidae species that being rich in healthy polyunsaturated fatty acids such as DHA, have beneficial in human nutrition. Keywords Fatty acids Á GLC (GC) (gas-liquid chromatography) Á Lipid analysis Á MUFA Á N-3 fatty acids Lipids (2021) 56: 391-404. Abbreviations MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids n omega PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids SFA saturated fatty acids * Cansu Metin

Effect of different cell disruption methods on lipid yield of Schizochytrium sp.

İsa

Ercan

et al. 2021

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

In this study, it was investigated to increase the lipid yield of the microalgae Schizochytrium sp., by applying different cell disruption methods; acid treatment with HCl, osmotic shock, enzyme applications and ultrasonic homogenizer were combined with the Bligh and Dyer or Soxhlet methods. In the Soxhlet method, the lipid and fatty acid yields decreased due to the inability of the method to break down the lipid cells sufficiently and the high temperature application. Enzyme application (hemicellulase treatment at 55°C for 2 days) prior to Bligh and Dyer method (BDE) was found more efficient in terms of lipid and DHA yield compared to other methods. BDE process increased the lipid yield to 21.72 ± 0.74% and DHA content to 19.25 ± 0.09% from lipid yield of 18.87 ± 0.4% and DHA content of 18.41 ± 0.20% by the Bligh and Dyer control (BDC). Major saturated fatty acids were 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 24:0 and the highest saturated fatty acid was 16:0 (palmitic acid). Lipid health indices such as n‐6/n‐3, PUFA/SFA, atherogenicity index, thrombogenicity index and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratios were almost favorable. With this study, appropriate lipid extraction methods were studied to provide an economical and environmental friendly suggestion for future studies to be used in areas such as food, feed and cosmetics grade. It was concluded that the most convenient method among the cell disruption methods was BDE owing to lipid and fatty acid yield.