Lipid Profile Changes During the Development of Artemia franciscana, From Cysts to the First Two Naupliar Stages

Abstract

The brine shrimp Artemia is an interesting experimental system for studies of developmental processes. Hatching of dormant cysts gives rise to shrimp larvae called nauplii, characterized by numerous naupliar stages representing the first forms of brine shrimp life cycle. Here combined Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight/Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) analyses have been performed to gain information on the lipid profiles of cysts and two naupliar stages. Lipid bands isolated after preparative TLC of the lipid extracts have been analyzed to detect various species of each lipid class; in addition Post-Source Decay (PSD) analyses allowed the identification of phospholipid chains. We compared the relative abundance of various polar and neutral lipid species in the lipid extracts, proving for the first time that during the development of nauplii there is an increase of cardiolipin (CL) and lysophospholipid levels; in parallel, the amount of phosphatidylcholine (PC) decreases. In addition, as regards neutral lipids, we found an increase of diacylglycerols (DAGs) in correspondence of the decrease of triacylglycerols (TAGs). Data reflect the fact that naupliar stages, being an active form of life, are more metabolically active and offer a platform to develop further studies on the importance of lipid metabolic pathways and bioactive lipids during the development.

Porous Silicon Carrier Endowed with Photothermal and Therapeutic Effects for Synergistic Wound Disinfection

“…coli and S. aureus were predominantly phosphatidyl cholines (PCs) and phosphatidyl ethanolamines, which is consistent with previous research. , Using these feature lipid biomarkers, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) results showed that each type of treatment for E. coli and S.…”

“…As suggested by identified lipid species, the feature phospholipids of E. coli and S. aureus were predominantly phosphatidyl cholines (PCs) and phosphatidyl ethanolamines, which is consistent with previous research. 72,73 Using these feature lipid biomarkers, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) results showed that each type of treatment for E. coli and S. aureus can be classified into their corresponding groups (Figure 5f,g). The results suggested that lipids responsible for metabolism regulation in the E. coli and S. aureus strains were disturbed by the different antibacterial treatments.…”

In vivo synthesis of monolysocardiolipin and cardiolipin by Acinetobacter baumannii phospholipase D and effect on cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance

“…Lipids were then spotted onto the silica gel TLC plate and polar lipids were eluted with solvent A (chloroform/methanol/acetic acid/water 85:15:10:3.5, by volume). Phospholipid detection was carried out by spraying the plate with molybdenum blue spray reagent (Sigma‐Aldrich) (Lopalco et al ., 2019).…”

Effect of Different Feeds on Growth and Survival of the Sergestid Shrimp <i>Acetes vulgaris</i> Hansen, 1919 (Decapoda: Sergestidae)

“…The nutritional composition of different feeds used in this experiment was found to have different nutritional values. Newly hatched Artemia contain 57.26% protein, 16.21% fat and 6.67% carbohydrate) [27] (Brachionus rotifer contains 59.0% protein, 13.0% fat and 3.1% highly unsaturated fatty acid) [28] (Shrimp larvae commercial feed used in this study contains 48.0% protein, 9.0% fat, 2.5% ash and 9% moisture (Lansy-Shrimp PL (INVE ® , Phichit, Thailand). Although live feeds provide an excellent source of nutrition, several limitations are associated with their use.…”