Lipidomic analysis and diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme with rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor in the central nervous system. GBM patients have a very low 5‐year survival rate and most of them died within 1 year. Conventional histopathological examination for GBM diagnosis is complicated and time‐consuming, which always blocks the development of more precise and effective treatments in resection operation. Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) is a MS technique in clinical medicine research, which combines the common diathermy device with MS to acquire the lipid profiles of tissue specimens for lipidomic analysis and real‐time tumor diagnosis. In this study, the REIMS method employing bipolar forceps was optimized and validated for high‐throughput lipidomics and diagnosis of GBM for the first time. Total 42 lipid metabolites were tentatively identified and 12 out of 13 lipid biomarkers showed higher intensities in GBM, which were consistent with previous studies. After this, a statistic model was built with the lipidomic data for the diagnosis of GBM tumor in real‐time. The diagnostic accuracy (94.74%), sensitivity (95.38%), and specificity (93.33%) were evaluated with histopathology validated brain tissue specimens that were not used in the training set. The proposed REIMS method for the lipidomic‐analysis and diagnosis of GBM tumor provides a new direction for MS‐based lipidomics and precision medicine and might be used to guide surgeons to precisely resect the GBM tissue and keep the normal brain tissue in operation.

Novel gut microbiota and microbiota-metabolites signatures in gliomas and its predictive/prognosis functions

“…Previous studies investigating glioma metabolomics mainly involved tissue specimens, serum and CSF samples. One study investigated lipidosis signatures in ectopic and orthotopic human GBM xenograft models and identified glycosphingolipids, glycerophosphoethanolamines triacylglycerols, and glycerophosphoserines as four main classes of lipids with greatest fold effect (41). Another study that investigated serum metabolism in glioma noted LDL, unsaturated lipids, cholesterol and other sphingolipid metabolites (42).…”

Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry: A survey through 15 years of applications

“…On the other hand, the building of a large database represents a challenge for brain tumors, due to the special attention paid to the preservation of healthy tissue during surgery. Consequently, only a few works reported the analysis of brain tumors [57,58]. Ma et al used the lipidomic profile to distinguish glioblastoma, which is the most common and aggressive tumor occurring in the central nervous system, from control normal samples [57].…”

“…Consequently, only a few works reported the analysis of brain tumors [57,58]. Ma et al used the lipidomic profile to distinguish glioblastoma, which is the most common and aggressive tumor occurring in the central nervous system, from control normal samples [57]. The high REIMS accuracy for glioblastoma classification was further demonstrated by Van Hese et al, who indeed analyzed different types and grades of gliomas [58].…”

Lipidomic study and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma tumor with rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry

“…REIMS is suitable for high-throughput lipidomic profiling of complex tissue samples in real-time and has been successfully applied for the identification or recognition of various biological tissues, including breast tumors, cervical tumors, colorectal lesions, and so on [24][25][26]. Recently, a REIMS-based lipidomic method for the analysis and diagnosis of the most common brain tumor glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) was built and validated by our group [27]. Unlike the monopolar electric knife-dependent REIMS technique, bipolar forceps were employed in this previous study for brain tissue evaporation and ionization.…”