Lipoprotein metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency

Saland, Jeffrey M.; Ginsberg, Henry N.

doi:10.1007/s00467-007-0467-5

Cited by 74 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 260 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…It occurs in both children and adults, 190 in those with nephrotic syndrome, in patients undergoing dialysis, and after renal transplantation. A triglyceride level Ͼ200 mg/dL is present in Ϸ50% of those with CKD, often in association with low HDL-C.…”

Section: Chronic Kidney Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease

Miller¹,

Stone²,

Ballantyne³

et al. 2011

Circulation

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1,626

902

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Section: Chronic Kidney Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease

Miller¹,

Stone²,

Ballantyne³

et al. 2011

Circulation

Self Cite

1,626

902

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“…Of note, Kimak and Solski ( 19 ) reported that elevated plasma apoC-III concentrations, particularly the accumulation of apoC-III in VLDL particles, occur in moderate C KD ( 19 ). Compositional changes in apoB-containing lipoprotein may render these particles less suitable as substrates for hepatic receptor-mediated uptake ( 20 ). Consistent with this notion, cellular studies report that apoC-III can abolish apoB-and apoE-mediated binding of lipoproteins to the LDL receptor, either by masking or altering the conformation of apoB and apoE ( 21,22 ).…”

Section: Kinetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma apolipoprotein C-III metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease

Ooi

Chan

Watts

et al. 2011

Journal of Lipid Research

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Supplementary key words kinetics • lipoprotein metabolism • triglyceridesCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) ( 1 ). While the precise mechanisms for increased CVD risk are unknown, both traditional and novel CVD risk factors have been implicated ( 1, 2 ). Dyslipidemia, a well-established risk factor for CVD in the general population, is highly prevalent in CKD ( 3, 4 ). The most frequent dyslipoproteinemic phenotype patterns are elevated plasma concentrations of triglycerides and increased numbers of atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) particles, particularly VLDL and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) ( 3, 4 ). The regulation of TRL metabolism in CKD, however, is poorly understood.Apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) is an 8.8 kDa glycoprotein synthesized by the liver and intestines ( 5 ). ApoC-III is highly associated with hypertriglyceridemia and is a powerful independent predictor of CVD risk in subjects without renal disease ( 5 ). In the circulation, apoC-III is associated with TRL and HDL exchanging rapidly between these lipoproteins ( 6 ). In vitro studies demonstrate that apoC-III Abstract Moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) (defi ned by an estimated glomerular fi ltration rate of 30-60 ml/min) is associated with mild hypertriglyceridemia related to delayed catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles. Altered apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) metabolism may contribute to dyslipidemia in CKD. To further characterize the dyslipidemia of CKD, we investigated the kinetics of plasma apoC-III in 7 nonobese, nondiabetic, non-nephrotic CKD subjects and 7 age-and sex-matched healthy controls, using deuterated leucine ([5, 5, 5, 2 H 3 ]leucine), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and multicompartmental modeling. Compared with controls, CKD subjects had higher concentrations of plasma and VLDL triglycerides and plasma and VLDL apoC-III ( P < 0.05). The increased plasma apoC-III concentration was associated with a decreased apoC-III fractional catabolic rate (FCR) (1.21 ± 0.15 vs. 0.74 ± 0.12 pools/day, P = 0.03). There were no differences between apoC-III production rates of controls and those of CKD subjects. In CKD subjects, plasma apoC-III concentration was signifi cantly and negatively correlated with apoC-III FCR ( r = ؊ 0.749, P = 0.05) but not with apoC-III production rate. Plasma apoC-III concentration was positively correlated with plasma and VLDL triglycerides and VLDL apoB concentrations and negatively correlated with VLDL apoB FCR ( P < 0.05 for all). ApoC-III FCR was negatively correlated with plasma and VLDL triglycerides and VLDL apoB concentration and positively correlated with VLDL apoB FCR ( P < 0.05 for all). Altered plasma apoC-III metabolism is a feature of dyslipidemia in moderate CKD. Modifi cation of apoC-III catabolism may be an important therapeutic target for reducing cardiovascular disease risk in moderate

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“…Chronic kidney disease is associated with an inflammatory response caused by the dialysis procedure, increased oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia. 25 The hemodialysis group exhibited a significant increase in the plasma inflammatory markers CRP and fibrinogen ( Table 1). As expected, the HDL-associated acute-phase protein SAA1 correlated with the plasma concentration of CRP and fibrinogen in hemodialysis patients (Supplemental Table 2).…”

Section: Hdl From Hd Patients Carries a Distinct Protein Cargomentioning

confidence: 99%

Uremia Alters HDL Composition and Function

Holzer

Birner‐Gruenberger

Stojaković

et al. 2011

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

250

256

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Functional impairment of HDL may contribute to the excess cardiovascular mortality experienced by patients with renal disease, but the effect of advanced renal disease on the composition and function of HDL is not well understood. Here, we used mass spectrometry and biochemical analyses to study alterations in the proteome and lipid composition of HDL isolated from patients on maintenance hemodialysis. We identified a significant increase in the amount of acute phase protein serum amyloid A1, albumin, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and apoC-III composing uremic HDL. Furthermore, uremic HDL contained reduced phospholipid and increased triglyceride and lysophospholipid. With regard to function, these changes impaired the ability of uremic HDL to promote cholesterol efflux from macrophages. In summary, the altered composition of HDL in renal disease seems to inhibit its cardioprotective properties. Assessing HDL composition and function in renal disease may help identify patients at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

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Lipoprotein metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency

Cited by 74 publications

References 260 publications

Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease

Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease

Plasma apolipoprotein C-III metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease

Uremia Alters HDL Composition and Function

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