Liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis using vibrational spectroscopy: systematic review

Abstract

Background: Vibrational spectroscopy (VS) is a minimally invasive tool for analysing biological material to detect disease. This study aimed to review its application to human blood for cancer diagnosis. Methods: A systematic review was undertaken using a keyword electronic database search (MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, TRIP and Cochrane Library), with all original English-language manuscripts examining the use of vibrational spectral analysis of human blood for cancer detection. Studies involving fewer than 75 patients in the cancer or control group, animal studies, or where the primary analyte was not blood were excluded. Results: From 1446 results, six studies (published in 2010-2018) examining brain, bladder, oral, breast, oesophageal and hepatic cancer met the criteria for inclusion, with a total population of 2392 (1316 cancer, 1076 control; 1476 men, 916 women). For cancer detection, reported mean sensitivities in each included study ranged from 79⋅3 to 98 per cent, with specificities of 82⋅8-95 per cent and accuracies between 81⋅1 and 97⋅1 per cent. Heterogeneity in reporting strategies, methods and outcome measures made meta-analysis inappropriate. Conclusion: VS shows high potential for cancer diagnosis, but until there is agreement on uniform standard reporting methods and studies with adequate sample size for valid classification models have been performed, its value in clinical practice will remain uncertain.

Vibrational Spectroscopy: A Valuable Screening and Diagnostic Tool for Obstetric Disorders?

“…Plasma and serum harbor thousands of analytes including proteins, carbohydrates and lipids which arise from cells and tissues (56) and preparation of these bodily fluids is achieved relatively simply. To date, both FTIR and Raman spectroscopy of serum has shown promise as a technique for the diagnosis of various cancers including brain, breast, prostate, cervical, colorectal and lung cancer (57)(58)(59). Moreover, in addition to its predictive capability, Raman spectroscopy can also determine stages of cancer malignancy (60).…”

Infrared molecular fingerprinting of blood-based liquid biopsies for the detection of cancer

“…Numerous studies have shown the potential of blood-based IMFs for the detection of cancer, notably brain ( Butler et al, 2019 ; Hands, 2014 ; Sala et al, 2020b ), breast ( Backhaus et al, 2010 ; Elmi et al, 2017 ; Ghimire et al, 2020 ; Zelig et al, 2015 ), bladder ( Ollesch et al, 2014 ), lung ( Ollesch et al, 2016 ), prostate ( Medipally et al, 2020 ), and other cancer entities ( Anderson et al, 2020 ; Ollesch et al, 2014 ; Sala et al, 2020a ), with some of the studies reporting specificities and sensitivities higher than 90% ( Anderson et al, 2020 ; Backhaus et al, 2010 ; Butler et al, 2019 ; Ghimire et al, 2020 ; Medipally et al, 2020 ; Ollesch et al, 2014 ). Despite these promising initial results, only a few studies involved more than 75 individuals per group ( Anderson et al, 2020 ). Additionally, the majority of these studies had a high risk of bias due to patient selection applied ( Anderson et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Despite these promising initial results, only a few studies involved more than 75 individuals per group ( Anderson et al, 2020 ). Additionally, the majority of these studies had a high risk of bias due to patient selection applied ( Anderson et al, 2020 ). In fact, it was shown that IMFs are susceptible to external confounding factors, such as those related to sample handling and data collection, as well as to inherent biological variations (e.g.…”

Cytotoxic Effect of Lippia nodiflora Leaf Extract against the Prostate Cancer Cell Line

“…Cancer has become one of the major causes of the death of people worldwide [1]. There are various types of cancer occurring all over the body such as Oral cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, etc.…”

“…Current studies indicate the important role of apoptosis in the improvement of therapeutic agents and treatment of cancer. The primary aim of cancer remedy is to kill the cancer cells without causing too much harm to normal cells [1,9]. The knowledge about the mechanisms of apoptosis has made us understand the origination and progression of cancers.…”