Liquid chromatography–electrospray mass spectrometry determination of ibogaine and noribogaine in human plasma and whole bloodApplication to a poisoning involving Tabernanthe iboga root

Kontrimaviciūte,; Breton, Hélène; Mathieu, Olivier; Jc, Mathieu-Daudé; Fm, Bressolle

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.05.035

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Various methodologies for toxicological analysis of ibogaine (molecular weight 310.44) have been previously described, including liquid chromatography with flourimetric detection (71), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (72–76) liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) (70,75,77–80), and liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) (81–83). There is a potential for confusion because of the use of two different schemes for numbering the iboga alkaloid parent ibogamine skeleton (84), the Chemical Abstracts system, which is common in the biological and medical literature, and the Le Men and Taylor system, which tends to be favored by natural products and synthetic chemists and is also frequently encountered in the biological literature (see Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatalities Temporally Associated with the Ingestion of Ibogaine

Alper

Stajíc

Gill

2012

Journal of Forensic Sciences

114

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Ibogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive plant alkaloid that is used globally in medical and nonmedical settings for opioid detoxification and other substance use indications. All available autopsy, toxicological, and investigative reports were systematically reviewed for the consecutive series of all known fatalities outside of West Central Africa temporally related to the use of ibogaine from 1990 through 2008. Nineteen individuals (15 men, four women between 24 and 54 years old) are known to have died within 1.5-76 h of taking ibogaine. The clinical and postmortem evidence did not suggest a characteristic syndrome of neurotoxicity. Advanced preexisting medical comorbidities, which were mainly cardiovascular, and/or one or more commonly abused substances explained or contributed to the death in 12 of the 14 cases for which adequate postmortem data were available. Other apparent risk factors include seizures associated with withdrawal from alcohol and benzodiazepines and the uninformed use of ethnopharmacological forms of ibogaine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatalities Temporally Associated with the Ingestion of Ibogaine

Alper

Stajíc

Gill

2012

Journal of Forensic Sciences

114

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“…For example, one death (Kontrimaviciute et al, 2006b) involved ingestion of an amount of powdered dried root bark that is at least twice the maximum upper limit used by the providers in this study who are traditional African Bwiti adepts. Other potential hazards may be associated with the lack of pharmaceutical standards for ibogaine, including unregulated procedures for manufacturing and storage or the possibility of naturally co-occurring toxic alkaloids (Singbartl et al, 1973;Jenks, 2002;Kontrimaviciute et al, 2006a).…”

Section: Implications Of the "Vast Uncontrolled Experiment"mentioning

confidence: 99%

The ibogaine medical subculture

Alper¹,

Lotsof²,

Kaplan³

2008

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

143

150

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“…The effects and toxicity of ibogaine seem to be related to its simultaneous action on a group of neurotransmitter systems in the autonomous central nervous system and appear not to be attributable to actions at any single type of receptor, while its mechanism is complex and still only partially understood . Ibogaine has been the subject of several different methods of identification and analysis using chromatographic techniques combined with mass spectrometry/gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) in body fluids in the 1990s , then high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS) in blood , and more recently HPLC combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) in body fluids .…”

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confidence: 99%

Fatal Case of a 27‐Year‐Old Male After Taking Iboga in Withdrawal Treatment: GC‐MS/MS Determination of Ibogaine and Ibogamine in Iboga Roots and Postmortem Biological Material

Mazoyer¹,

Carlier²,

Boucher

et al. 2013

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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We report the case of a man who died twelve hours after ingesting powdered iboga root, commonly taken for its stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. Ibogaine and ibogamine were quantified in the powder ingested and the victim's body fluids by GC-MS/MS after liquid-liquid extraction (Toxi-tubes A(®)). The concentrations of ibogaine measured in the blood samples taken at the scene and in the peripheral blood, urine, and gastric fluid samples taken during the autopsy were 0.65, 1.27, 1.7, and 53.5 μg/mL, while the iboga content in the powder was 7.2%. Moreover, systematic toxicological analyses of biological samples showed the presence of diazepam and methadone in therapeutic concentrations. Death was attributed to the ingestion of a substantial quantity of iboga in the context of simultaneous methadone and diazepam consumption.

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Liquid chromatography–electrospray mass spectrometry determination of ibogaine and noribogaine in human plasma and whole bloodApplication to a poisoning involving Tabernanthe iboga root

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Fatalities Temporally Associated with the Ingestion of Ibogaine

Fatalities Temporally Associated with the Ingestion of Ibogaine

The ibogaine medical subculture

Fatal Case of a 27‐Year‐Old Male After Taking Iboga in Withdrawal Treatment: GC‐MS/MS Determination of Ibogaine and Ibogamine in Iboga Roots and Postmortem Biological Material

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