Liquid Chromatography of Unstable Zinc Dithiocarbamates. Application to Rubber Gloves Analysis

Mathieu, C.; Herbreteau, B.; Lafosse, M.; Morin, Pascal; Renaud, Marc; Cardinet, C.; Dreux, M.

doi:10.1002/1521-4168(20000901)23:9<565::aid-jhrc565>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Similarly, the organometal, Zn(DDC) 2 , also exhibited low analytical recovery (23 ± 12%) from test soils, but, in contrast to the BCNZ, several, nonquantifiable degradation products were observed (Supplemental Data, Table S7). Therefore, the reduced recovery was confirmed to result from a combination of degradation to secondary compounds, as well as complexation of the organic moiety (i.e., diethyldithiocarbamate) with other metals naturally present within the test soil . Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), the organic ligand of Zn(DDC) 2 , is known to have an affinity for other metals in the following order: Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Pb(II) > Cd(II) > Zn(II) , thereby increasing the possibility of metal toxicity because of complexation with metals other than Zn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The ecotoxicity of zinc and zinc-containing substances in soil with consideration of metal-moiety approaches and organometal complexes

Ritchie

Boyd

Lawson-Halasz

et al. 2017

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Within Canada, screening-level assessments for chemical substances are required to determine whether the substances pose a risk to human health and/or the environment, and as appropriate, risk management strategies. In response to the volume of metal and metal-containing substances, process efficiencies were introduced using a metal-moiety approach, whereby substances that contain a common metal moiety are assessed simultaneously as a group, with the moiety of concern consisting of the metal ion. However, for certain subgroups, such as organometals or organic metal salts, the organic moiety or parent substance may be of concern, rather than simply the metal ion. To further investigate the need for such additional consideration, certain substances were evaluated: zinc (Zn)-containing inorganic (Zn chloride [ZnCl2] and Zn oxide) and organic (organometal: Zn diethyldithiocarbamate [Zn(DDC) ] and organic metal salts (Zn stearate [ZnSt] and 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrachlorozincate [BCNZ]). The toxicity of the substances were assessed using plant (Trifolium pratense and Elymus lanceolatus) and soil invertebrate (Folsomia candida and Eisenia andrei) tests in a sandy soil. Effect measures were determined based on total metal and total parent analyses (for organic substances). In general, the inorganic Zn substances were less toxic than the organometals and organic metal salts, with 50% effective concentrations ranging from 11 to >5194 mg Zn kg dry soil. The data demonstrate the necessity for alternate approaches in the assessment of organo-metal complexes, with the organic moieties or parent substances warranting consideration rather than the metal ion alone. In this instance, the organometals and organic metal salts were significantly more toxic than other test substances despite their low total Zn content. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3324-3332. © 2017 Crown in the Right of Canada. Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The ecotoxicity of zinc and zinc-containing substances in soil with consideration of metal-moiety approaches and organometal complexes

Ritchie

Boyd

Lawson-Halasz

et al. 2017

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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“…The first 5 min of isocratic elution was performed using 100% A and then a linear gradient from A to B for 35 min giving 100% B followed by isocratic elution for 10 min with 100% B. All equipment in contact with the mobile phase after the injector was of non‐metallic material, and the column used was an Alltima C 18 , 4 µm, 150 × 4.6 mm, PEEK‐lined (Alltech Associates, Deerfield, IL, USA) (7). The rubber accelerators were identified by their retention times in the HPLC chromatograms and by comparison with their UV spectra by using a diode array detector (Hewlett Packard Diode Array 1100‐detector).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of haptens from solid products and their delivery to the skin, exemplified by dithiocarbamates from rubber gloves

2005

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Allergic contact dermatitis is often caused by solid products such as rubber gloves. Patch testing with the product as is often gives negative results. Extraction of the haptens into an organic solvent is commonly performed to achieve a more correct investigation. The technique used for extraction of haptens from solid materials is only sporadically described. In this study, we investigated and optimized the yields of dithiocarbamates obtained by extraction from rubber gloves. The influence of solvent, extraction time and the procedures for extraction are evaluated. The delivery of zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate from the patch test preparation to the skin is determined.

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“…Since rubber materials are likely to interfere with this method [6,12], possible interference from protective gloves used during sample preparation was studied. Star-Premium vinyl exam gloves were the only gloves which did not interfere with the DTC's analytical method (CS 2 level inferior to the detection limit of the method).…”

Section: Protective Glove Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other was the inclusion of a bubbler trap with ethanol, to retain interfering compounds and reduce the possibility of matrix interferences using the new concentration range. Finally, since DTC's are frequently used as accelerators in rubber vulcanization [12], several brands of protective gloves were tested for possible interference with this methodology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of dithiocarbamates; improvements to the method described in EN 12396-1 standard

Costa¹,

Mateus

2009

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry

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A procedure to improve the performance and reliability of the method described in European standard EN-12396-1 is presented. A CS 2 working range of 10-50 mg per 25 mL was validated. The quantification limit was lowered from 0.25 mg kg À1 to 0.05 mg kg À1 (200 g of sample matrix), in agreement with the Maximum Residue Limits for dithiocarbamates (DTCs). The procedure involves the measurement of the average absorbance at 374 nm and 435 nm, to allow for the equilibrium between the two coloured Cupric(II) complexes formed. Two main modifications of the decomposition and distillation apparatus assembly were introduced. One was the stabilization of the colour-forming reagent solution at 0 C to ensure stability of absorbance. The other was the inclusion of a bubbler trap with ethanol, to retain interfering compounds. The possible CS 2 contamination by several types of protective gloves was also studied. Vinyl gloves, made according to the AQL 1.5 -EN 455-1/2 standard, did not interfere with the method.

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Liquid Chromatography of Unstable Zinc Dithiocarbamates. Application to Rubber Gloves Analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

The ecotoxicity of zinc and zinc-containing substances in soil with consideration of metal-moiety approaches and organometal complexes

The ecotoxicity of zinc and zinc-containing substances in soil with consideration of metal-moiety approaches and organometal complexes

Extraction of haptens from solid products and their delivery to the skin, exemplified by dithiocarbamates from rubber gloves

Determination of dithiocarbamates; improvements to the method described in EN 12396-1 standard

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