Liquid Flame Spraying for Glass Coloring

Binary TiO2/SiO2 nanoparticle coating for controlling the wetting properties of paperboard

“…with LFS generated nanoparticles. In our previous studies, we have introduced a novel surface modification technique for paper and paperboard substrates using Liquid Flame Spray [5,19], obtaining different extreme wetting properties for TiO 2 coated and SiO 2 coated paperboard [20e24]. With LFS-generated TiO 2 nanocoating, paperboard surface is superhydrophobic [20e22], and superhydrophilic with LFS generated SiO 2 nanocoating [22,25].…”

Atmospheric synthesis of superhydrophobic TiO2 nanoparticle deposits in a single step using Liquid Flame Spray

“…Liquid Flame Spray has been widely used in various applications e.g., glass colouring and synthesis of anti-microbial deposit layers (Gross et al, 1999;Keskinen et al, 2006). Recently, we have shown that titania nanoparticles can be deposited directly from the flame onto a paperboard substrate.…”

Liquid Flame Spray—A Hydrogen-Oxygen Flame Based Method for Nanoparticle Synthesis and Functional Nanocoatings

“…The term 'Liquid Flame Spray' was originally used by Tikkanen et al (1994), Tikkanen et al (1997) and Gross et al (1999) in connection with an application where art glass was coloured by nanoparticles deposited from the flame onto the surface of a molten glass item. In this article, we have maintained this definition that LFS consists of a liquid precursor atomization by one of the combustion gases, favourably H 2 .…”

“…A typical colouring agent is CoO 3 , which creates a strong blue colour within the soda-lime-silica glass due to dissolved Co 2+ ions (Fig. 7b, Gross et al, 1999). The wavelength from the incoming light, which corresponds to the electronic transition of the metal ion, is absorbed in the glass and thus the imparting colour will be made up of the remaining wavelengths in the visible spectrum (Bamford, 1977).…”