Liquid–gas surface tension voltage dependence during electrowetting on dielectric testing of water and 5–90 nm gold nanofluids

Electrowetting Behavior and Digital Microfluidic Applications of Fluorescent, Polymer-Encapsulated Quantum Dot Nanofluids

“…However, Δθ sat for QD-G-PDDA (91.8 ± 0.7°) was approximately 10% lower than for QD-G-COOH and QD-G-PEG (101.9 ± 1.5 and 98.9 ± 0.8°, respectively). It has been previously reported that surfactants tend to have a higher contribution to changes in contact angle at lower voltages . Therefore, the differences in Δθ sat for the three nanofluids likely arise from the differences in the polymers that are encapsulating the QDs.…”

“…31,32 The abovementioned reports on the EWOD each describe deviations from ideal wetting behavior that is attributed to the nanoparticle effects. However, some reports have observed enhanced changes 19,20,24 in wetting, while others describe the suppression of the ideal EWOD behavior. 18,21,23 There is no well-defined consensus on how nanoparticles will affect the electrowetting behavior of a fluid.…”

“…Despite the multitude of applications of nanofluids, there are surprisingly few literature reports that investigate the electrowetting behavior and digital microfluidic applications of nanofluids. These reports mostly focus on deviations in ideal wetting behavior upon the addition of nanoparticles and can be divided into three basic material classes: polymer-based, − metallic, − and semiconductor − nanoparticles. Recent work has also demonstrated that nanofluids can be used to enhance the EWOD behavior of droplets on a soft poly­(dimethylsiloxane) surface .…”

“…The abovementioned reports on the EWOD each describe deviations from ideal wetting behavior that is attributed to the nanoparticle effects. However, some reports have observed enhanced changes ,, in wetting, while others describe the suppression of the ideal EWOD behavior. ,, There is no well-defined consensus on how nanoparticles will affect the electrowetting behavior of a fluid. As such, we will discuss the observed differences in the behavior of the nanofluids tested herein, but the objective of this work is the development of well-engineered colloids that have interesting optical properties, give consistently repeatable results, and can be employed in a DMF platform rather than the development of a predictive model.…”

Controlled Assembly of Nanorod TiO2 Crystals via a Sintering Process: Photoanode Properties in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

“…One step: substrate was coated and dried, using 500 rpm for 250 sec.) Surface wettability has an important role on thickness of nanofluid on substrate [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The thickness of nanofluid decreases, as affinity of liquid for substrate increases.…”