(Liquid + liquid) equilibria in {water + acrylic acid + (1-butanol, or 2-butanol, or 1-pentanol)} systems at T= 293.2 K, T= 303.2 K, and T= 313.2 K and atmospheric pressure

Studying the Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium of Systems Water +2-Hydroxyethylammonium Propanoate or 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Butanoate or 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Pentanoate +1-Pentanol at 293.15, 313.15, and 333.15 K: Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Modeling

“…Coexistence curve for the binary mixture water (1) and 1-pentanol (3): experimental results of this work (●), of Stephenson et al . (*) with u ( w ) < 0.05, of Pai and Chen (□) with u ( w ) < 0.01, of Huang et al (◊) with u ( w ) = 0.0005, of Batistell et al (▶) with u ( w ) = 0.0052.…”

“…Experimental data of mutual solubility for the water +1-pentanol binary mixture of this work were compared with some literature data − at temperatures of 293.15 to 333.15 K at atmospheric pressure and are shown in Figure . As can be seen in Figure , the water mass fraction in the water-rich and alcohol-rich phases coincide with data reported by Stephenson et al and Father and Chen.…”

Liquid–liquid phase equilibria of the quaternary system {water (1)+acrylic acid (2)+acetic acid (3)+cyclopentyl methyl ether (4)}: Measurement, correlation, and comparative study

“…However, the energy cost of azeotropic distillation is very high because all of the water with high latent heat of vaporization in the crude aqueous solution of AA and entrainer need to be distilled from the top of column. Extraction followed by heteroazeotropic distillation seems to be an effective and energy-saving method to separate AA from crude aqueous solution [12][13][14]. The reason is that only a fraction of the water in the solvent-rich phase is distilled out with the entrainer and that much of the water is removed from the bottom of the solvent recovery column.…”

Liquid-Liquid Equilibria for the System Composed by Water, Acetic Acid, and 1-Hexanol at 293.15 K and Under Atmospheric Pressure Using Refractometry and Densitometry

“…In the case of liquid-liquid equilibria, by correlating the concentration of each component in a mixture that lies on the binodal curve with a chemical or physical property, one can posteriorly obtain the concentration of the extracted and refined phases in equilibrium. This procedure is widely used in quantification for a variety of systems, like polymers, ionic liquids, methyl esters, alcoholic systems and so on (Almeida et al, 2012;Batistell et al, 2011;Taha et al, 2012;Rocha et al, 2014). In general, as differences among pure component properties increase, accuracy of the indirect method increases.…”