Liquid phase separations by crystalline microporous coordination polymers

Abstract

Crystalline microporous coordination polymers (MCPs) are highly ordered, porous materials that have recently seen increasing attention in the literature. Whereas gas phase separations using MCPs have been extensively studied and reviewed, studies on applications in the liquid phase have lagged behind. This review details the work that has previously been reported on liquid phase separations using MCPs. Both enantioselective separations and separations of complex mixtures have been achieved using either adsorptive selectivities or size exclusion effects. Molecules that have been adsorbed include those as small as water to large organic dyes. In many cases, MCPs outperform their zeolite and activated carbon counterparts both kinetically and in efficiency of separation. The future outlook for the field is discussed in the context of current challenges in separations technologies.

In Silico Discovery of High Deliverable Capacity Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…2 Due to their high porosities, high surface area, and tunable chemistry, MOFs are regarded as a promising class of nano-porous materials. 3 Potential applications of MOFs include drug delivery, 4 sensing, 5,6 purification, [7][8][9] catalysis, 10 and gas storage. 11,12 In the gas storage application, in particular, MOFs appeal as a competitive alternative to other materials, such as zeolites, because of their potentially higher performance and adjustability.…”

Selective anion exchange with nanogated isoreticular positive metal-organic frameworks

“…The pore size of MOFs varies from a few angstroms to a few nanometres, making them ideal for incorporating species ranging from small gas molecules [24][25][26] and organic molecules 27,28 to large inorganic and organic species [29][30][31][32] . Although the adsorption and separation of gas molecules 11 and small organic molecules [12][13][14]28 (limited to one benzene ring, Mwo100 Da) have been extensively studied, the incorporation and separation of bulky molecules (B100 DaoMwoB1,000 Da), especially anionic, have been much less reported 15 . The separation of organic species at this size level has great practical significance in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry, because of the need for the separation of peptides, nucleotides, amino acids, drug molecules, and so on.…”

“…M etal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recognized as an excellent platform for host-guest chemistry, which includes gas storage [1][2][3][4][5] , ion-exchange [6][7][8][9][10] , separation [11][12][13][14][15][16] , and so on [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . The pore size of MOFs varies from a few angstroms to a few nanometres, making them ideal for incorporating species ranging from small gas molecules [24][25][26] and organic molecules 27,28 to large inorganic and organic species [29][30][31][32] .…”

Porous aromatic frameworks with anion-templated pore apertures serving as polymeric sieves

“…However, due to the limitation of types and pore diameters, there are only a few zeolites whose pores can be adjusted in a narrow range 11 . In the last decade of the twentieth century, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which consist of metal centres and organic ligands linked by coordination bonds, emerged as the novel porous materials [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] in gas storage [21][22][23] and separation [24][25][26][27] with excellent performances. The pore sizes of some MOFs can be regulated appropriately for specific gas adsorption through adjusting and modifying the ligands 28,29 .…”