Liquid-state interfacial reactions in Sn–Zn/Pd couples and phase equilibria of the Sn–Zn–Pd system at 260 °C

Minor Ga addition to effectively inhibit PdSn4 growth between Sn solder and Pd substrate

“…This suggested that probably there was another mechanism that caused the inhibition of the PdSn 4 growth. As reported in the previous studies [15,26], the minor Zn addition in solder significantly inhibited the growth of the PdSn 4 or CoSn 3 phase. The IMC inhibition was proved to be associated with the minor Zn-doping in IMC layer through a series of multi-stage reactions with different solders.…”

Strong effects of minor Ga addition on liquid-state Sn–Ga/Co interfacial reactions

“…Compared with the stable solubility, metastable solubility is always higher. In the recent study [25], a similar phenomenon was also found in the liquid-state Sn-2wt.%Zn/Pd reaction, that the Pd 2 Zn 9 phase had a very high Sn content of 11at.%, which far exceeded the stable solubility of~1at.%. Furthermore, the CoGa phase has a cubic structure; Co and Ga are located at the (0, 0, 0) site and (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) site, respectively.…”