Lisdexamfetamine and binge-eating disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the preclinical and clinical data with a focus on mechanism of drug action in treating the disorder

Schneider, Elizabeth M.; Higgs, Suzanne; Dourish, C T

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.08.001

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Finally, another problem with this therapeutic alternative is that these compounds are psychoactive drugs. However, there are precedents of drugs of abuse that have been used in the clinic, as in the case of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, a pro‐drug of d‐amphetamine that was first approved by the FDA in 2007 for the treatment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Binge‐eating disorder 81,82 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classic psychedelics and alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of human and animal studies

Calleja‐Conde¹,

Morales-García

Echeverry‐Alzate

et al. 2022

Addiction Biology

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Classic psychedelics refer to substances such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, ayahuasca, and mescaline, which induce altered states of consciousness by acting mainly on 5-HT 2A receptors. Recently, the interest of psychedelics as pharmacological treatment for psychiatric disorders has increased significantly, including their use on problematic use of alcohol. This systematic review is aimed to analyse the last two decades of studies examining the relationship between classic psychedelics and alcohol consumption. We searched PubMed and PsycInfo for human and preclinical studies published between January 2000 to December 2021.The search identified 639 publications. After selection, 27 studies were included.Human studies (n = 20) generally show promising data and seem to indicate that classic psychedelics could help reduce alcohol consumption. Nevertheless, some of these studies present methodological concerns such as low number of participants, lack of control group or difficulty in determining the effect of classic psychedelics in isolation. On the other hand, preclinical studies (n = 7) investigating the effect of these compounds on voluntary alcohol consumption are scarce and show some conflicting data. Among these compounds, psilocybin seems to show the most consistent data indicating that this compound could be a potential candidate to treat alcohol use disorders. In the absence of understanding the biological and/or psychological mechanisms, more studies including methodological quality parameters are needed to finally determine the effects of classic psychedelics on alcohol consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classic psychedelics and alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of human and animal studies

Calleja‐Conde¹,

Morales-García

Echeverry‐Alzate

et al. 2022

Addiction Biology

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“…On the other hand, the finding that LDX also reduced cookie intake without affecting eating rate suggests that the drug reduces motivation to eat when satiated possibly via a state-dependent reduction in the reward value of food [ 34 ]. A review and meta-analysis of the effects of LDX on feeding in rodents have similarly found that the drug reduces both standard lab chow and palatable food intake in binge eating models [ 7 – 9 , 35 ]. Taken together, these data suggest that LDX may decrease binge eating through a dual action of reduced motivation to consume highly palatable binge foods and enhancement of satiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of both clinical and preclinical studies on the effects of LDX on binge eating found a poverty of studies examining the neural and cognitive processes that underpin LDX’s effects in ameliorating BED symptoms [ 9 ]. Schneider et al [ 9 ] proposed that LDX may reduce binge eating by a combination of effects on appetite/satiety, reward, and cognitive processes that are mediated by actions of LDX on catecholaminergic and serotoninergic transmission. There is considerable potential to use the power of experimental medicine to explore the mechanism of action of LDX in treating BED.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate on eating behaviour and homeostatic, reward and cognitive processes in women with binge-eating symptoms: an experimental medicine study

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is the only drug currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder (BED), but little is known about the behavioural mechanisms that underpin the efficacy of LDX in treating BED. We examined the behavioural and neural effects of an acute dose of LDX (50 mg) in 22 women with binge-eating symptomatology using a randomised, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental medicine design. LDX reduced self-reported appetite ratings and intake of both a pasta meal and a palatable cookie snack. LDX also decreased the eating rate of pasta but not of cookies and reduced self-reported liking ratings for pasta at the end of the meal. When viewing food pictures during an fMRI scan, LDX reduced activity bilaterally in the thalamus. LDX enhanced sustained attention and reduced impulsive responding in a continuous performance task but had no effect on emotional bias or working memory. These results suggest the observed effects of LDX on food intake (and by implication the efficacy of LDX in treating BED) may be related to the actions of the drug to enhance satiety, reduce food-related reward responding when full and/or increase cognitive control. Novel pharmacotherapies for BED might be most effective if they have a broad spectrum of effects on appetite, reward and cognition.

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“…In addition to clinical trial evidence, there are also neurobiological explanations that support the use of stimulants as a treatment for LOC-E [22,23]. For example, the explanatory models for ADHD suggest that de cits in dopamine function, such as reduced dopamine neuronal tone affect executive functioning and reward processing [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stimulant medication on loss of control eating in youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A prospective, observational case series study protocol

Keshen

Hilbert

Taylor

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Loss of control eating (LOC-E) in youth predicts the later development of full-syndrome binge-eating disorder (BED), and therefore, could be a relevant target for prevention treatments. To develop these treatments, it is important to understand the underlying disease processes and mechanisms. Based on the putative role of neurocognitive impairments in the pathogenesis of LOC-E, treatments that modulate these neurocognitive factors warrant further exploration. For instance, stimulants are an effective treatment for impulsivity in youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and have been shown to improve symptoms of BED in adults. Notably, stimulants have not been examined as a treatment for LOC-E in youth. To explore this gap, we aim to measure change in LOC-E episodes and secondary outcomes in youth with comorbid ADHD and LOC-E who are being started on stimulants. Methods: We will collect prospective observational data on forty 8-to-13-year-old youth diagnosed with comorbid ADHD and LOC-E who are initiating a stimulant for ADHD. Prior to stimulant initiation, participants will complete baseline measures including LOC-E episode frequency in the last 3 months (primary outcome), and secondary outcomes including disordered eating cognitions, emotions and behaviors, ADHD symptom severity, parental LOC-E, impulsivity and reward sensitivity, anxiety/mood severity. Outcome measurements will be gathered again at 3-months after initiating the stimulant. Within-patient standardized effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals will be calculated from baseline to 3-month follow-up for all outcomes. Discussion: Many individuals with LOC-E or binge eating do not fully remit over the course of psychotherapy. Whereas psychotherapy may address psychological and sociocultural domains associated with LOC-E, some individuals with neurocognitive impairments (e.g., ADHD) and neurobiological deficits (e.g., low intrasynaptic dopamine or norepinephrine) may benefit from adjunctive treatment that targets those factors. This will be the first study to provide pilot data for future studies that could examine both the effect of stimulants on LOC-E in youth and underlying mechanisms. Trial registration: Pending

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Lisdexamfetamine and binge-eating disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the preclinical and clinical data with a focus on mechanism of drug action in treating the disorder

Cited by 36 publications

References 103 publications

Classic psychedelics and alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of human and animal studies

Classic psychedelics and alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of human and animal studies

The effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate on eating behaviour and homeostatic, reward and cognitive processes in women with binge-eating symptoms: an experimental medicine study

Effect of stimulant medication on loss of control eating in youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A prospective, observational case series study protocol

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