Literatur Review : Hubungan Antara Kualitas Udara Ruang Dengan Gangguan Kesehatan Pada Pekerja

Abstract

Udara merupakan komponen penting dalam kehidupan. Adanya peningkatan aktifitas manusia menyebabkan konsentrasi zat dalam udara meningkat. Gangguan kesehatan merupakan salah satu akibat yang ditimbulkan karena kualitas udara dalam ruang yang tidak memenuhi syarat kesehatan. Kualitas udara tersebut harus meliputi kualitas fisik, kimia dan biologi. Perkantoran adalah salah satu tempat kerja dan tidak terlepas dari bahaya lingkungan kerja yang dapat mempengaruhi keselamatan dan kesehatan para karyawan di dalamnya. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melakukan kajian terhadap penelitian yang masuk dalam kriteria untuk dilakukam review. Dari hasil pemilahan bahan terdapat tujuh artikel yang kemudian dibahas. Menurut National Intitute of Occupational Safety dan Health (NIOSH), penyebab timbulnya masalah kualitas udara dalam ruangan pada umumnya disebabkan oleh beberapa hal yaitu kurangnya ventilasi udara, adanya sumber kontaminan di dalam ruangan, kontaminan dari luar ruangan, mikroba, bahan material bangunan dan lain-lain. Gangguan kesehatan pada pekerja kaitanyya dengan kualitas udara dalam ruang dapat diakibatkan oleh beberapa factor diantaranya kondisi lingkungan dalam ruang (suhu ruangan, kelembaban dan aliran udara), konstruksi gedung dan perabot/furniture, proses dan alat –alat dalam gedung, ventilasi udara yang buruk dan status kesehatan pekerja serta factor psikososial/stress.Kata kunci : kualitas udara ruang, suhu, kelembaban, ventilasi, gangguan kesehatan.

The Impact of Sick Building Syndrome and Physical Air Quality on Staff Productivity in the Hospital's Outpatient Room of Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Haji Indonesia

“…Air temperature significantly impacts how comfortable a workspace is for employees. Too cold of a temperature can disrupt work and impair concentration, while too hot can lead to heat stress, lower the room's air quality, and negatively impact the comfort of those who live or work there (10).…”

“…When a room's humidity level rises above 60%, allergen-and pathogen-producing organisms will breed. However, humidity levels below 40% (such as 20-30%) may irritate the eyes, produce pain, and dry up mucous membranes (such as the throat) (10). According to the Health Regulation Minister No.…”

Sick Building Syndrome on Healthcare Workers in Hospital Buildings

“…Workers are more likely to have health issues because of poor Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration [8] . The International Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 1997 stated that several things generally cause problems such as lack of vents (52%), contaminants in the room (16%), contaminants from the outside (10%), the presence of microbial (5%), building components (4%), and unidentified causes (13%) [9] . According to research conducted in a hospital in Slovenia, the prevalence of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) increased from 41% to 87% [10] .…”

Bacteriological quality test of air in the classrooms of Darur Abror Foundation School West Lombok Regency in 2022

“…Indoor air quality is the Air in a building inhabited for at least 1 hour by people with different health conditions [3]. The diversity of bioaerosols in the circulation system in a room determines air quality.…”

“…Bacterial colonies that grow after incubation are counted with the following requirements: (1) Large, small, spreading colonies are counted as 1 colony because they are considered to come from one bacterium; (2) Counting can be done manually by putting a dot on the counted colonies, and (3) According to the Permenkes the germ number index obtained is given in units of CFU/m3. Conversion: 1 colony CFU/m 3 = 35.32 CFU/m 3 Where the standard of the Minister of Health No. 1405/MENKES/SKXI/2004, the germ number is 200-500 CFU/m 3 .…”