Lithic raw material diversification as an adaptive strategy—Technology, mobility, and site structure in Late Mesolithic northernmost Europe

Manninen, Mikael A.; Knutsson, Kjel

doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2013.12.001

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…8300 cal BP, marked changes are detected in both material culture and larger-scale behavioural patterns, that is, in technological organisation, settlement configuration, and land use, in northernmost Fennoscandia, which in this particular case can be considered direct consequences of reduced marine productivity following the increased freshwater influence connected to the 8.2 ka event (Manninen, 2014; see also Hagen, 2011;Manninen and Tallavaara, 2011). The clearest socioeconomic changes, such as the disappearance of coastal pit-houses and the development of a new lithic technology well suited for high residential mobility on land (Manninen, 2014;Manninen and Knutsson, 2014), can be observed through the marine cold period suggested by some proxies at ca. 8400-7500 cal BP.…”

Section: The 82 Ka Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human responses to early Holocene climate variability in eastern Fennoscandia

Manninen

Tallavaara

Seppä

2018

Quaternary International

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In eastern Fennoscandia numerous biological and physical proxy records provide ample evidence of Holocene climate-environment dynamics. The region therefore has great promise for studies concentrating on the impacts of past climate change on human populations in the early Holocene, that is, in the period that saw the beginning of postglacial human dispersal into the area. Here we provide a brief overview of the high and low frequency climate changes indicated by different proxy records in Finland and nearby areas in eastern Fennoscandia, and discuss the archaeological evidence for human responses to abrupt climate-related environmental change and low-frequency climate trends. The clearest archaeologically visible event-like responses seem to derive from ecotonal regions, i.e., the forestetundra or coastal regions and suggest a correlation between ecological "hinge-regions" and the archaeologically clearest signs of hunter-gatherer responses to climate stress. However, the evidence of the abrupt climate events is often ambiguous and their influence on early Holocene human populations remains equivocal.

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Section: The 82 Ka Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human responses to early Holocene climate variability in eastern Fennoscandia

Manninen

Tallavaara

Seppä

2018

Quaternary International

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“…The definition of supply procedures is particularly relevant when studying dynamics of pioneer groups' settlement in northern Scandinavia, considering the exploitation of geological resources as a significant mean for outlining adaptation of human groups in a new environment. Moreover, preceding research have shown the relationship between the use of raw materials, movements of Scandinavian prehistoric population and the diversification of technologies (Forsberg, 1996;Knutsson, Knutsson, Molin, & Zetterlund, 2016;Manninen & Knutsson, 2014). In the Northern Swedish landscape, dominated by magmatic, metamorphic bedrocks and moraine deposits, lowworkability materials like vein quartz and quartzite are largely available, while better quality materials, like flint, are imported from the southern and eastern regions (notably Scania and Karelia; Olofsson & Rodushkin, 2011).…”

Section: Raw Materials In Northern Swedenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mesolithic period of the Ångermanland region is marked by the use of stone tools made mainly from local, poorly workable raw materials such as quartz and quartzite, with slate occurring at a smaller rate (Manninen & Knutsson, 2014;Molin, Pettersson, & Wikell, 2011;Sørensen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Mesolithic Semi-subterranean Dwellings In Northern åNgermanlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral Imaging for Characterization of Lithic Raw Materials: The Case of a Mesolithic Dwelling in Northern Sweden

et al. 2018

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This study proposes a method for the classification of lithic raw materials by means of hyperspectral imaging, a non-destructive fast analytical technique. The information potential of this approach was tested on a dwelling site dated to mid-late Mesolithic (7200-5800 BP) at Lillsjön, Ångermanland, Sweden. A dataset of lithic tools and flakes (2612 objects) made of quartz and quartzite, was analyzed using a shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging system. The classification of the raw materials was performed applying multivariate statistical models. A random test set of 55 artefacts was selected, classified according to spectral signature and divided into categories corresponding to different geological materials. The same test set was analyzed with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED XRF) to validate the classification. The entire dataset of lithics collected on the site was then classified applying a SIMCA model. The distribution of items on the site was visualized in a 3D GIS platform according to their geological characteristics to highlight patterns that could indicate different use of the space and dynamics of raw materials supply over time.

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“…Needles most probably derive from fuel use. At the R€ avåsen site, charred hazelnut shells seem to have been discarded outside a house together with burned bones (Hertell and Manninen, 2006), and even stones were cast into the fire at some sites (Manninen and Knutsson, 2014). Cremated bones of fowled gallinaceous birds (Tetrao and Lagopus species) are commonly found in Stone Age contexts in Finland (Mannermaa, 2003).…”

Section: Taphonomy Of Charred Forager Plant Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild plant gathering in Stone Age Finland

Vanhanen

Pesonen

2016

Quaternary International

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In this paper, a systematic review of archaeobotanical data from Stone Age (c. 8900e1500 cal BC) sites in mainland Finland is presented for the first time and compared with ethnographical data. The data was collected from 76 archaeological sites and consists of charred and waterlogged remains from soil samples and charred hand-picked remains from archaeological excavations. The data shows that various wild plants were gathered in Finland during the Stone Age and that different opportunities for plant gathering prevailed in various parts of the country. Hazel and water chestnut were widespread and used in locales further to the north than where they grow today, but they were still confined to southern Finland. Some plants, such as bearberry and crowberry, were ubiquitous and collected throughout Finland. In the light of the data analysed, it is suggested that most of the charred plant remains derive from food processing (roasting, smoking, frying, cooking), waste management, and fuel use.

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Lithic raw material diversification as an adaptive strategy—Technology, mobility, and site structure in Late Mesolithic northernmost Europe

Cited by 41 publications

References 42 publications

Human responses to early Holocene climate variability in eastern Fennoscandia

Human responses to early Holocene climate variability in eastern Fennoscandia

Hyperspectral Imaging for Characterization of Lithic Raw Materials: The Case of a Mesolithic Dwelling in Northern Sweden

Wild plant gathering in Stone Age Finland

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