Livestock predation by lions (Panthera leo) and other carnivores on ranches neighboring Tsavo National ParkS, Kenya

Patterson, Bruce D.; Kasiki, Samuel M.; Selempo, Edwin; Kays, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2004.01.013

Cited by 263 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Increasing distance from the park boundary, predation on livestock decreased except chicken intake by serval. Similar findings were observed in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania (Holmern et al, 2007) and Tsavo ranches in Kenya (Patterson et al, 2004). In the present study, distance to the Park was strongly correlated with predation risk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…During the present study, it was recorded a peak in predation/loss of most livestock during the wet season. This was similar to what had been observed in Tsavo National Park, Kenya (Patterson et al, 2004). This might be related to the variation in prey dispersal with season.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Predators such as hyena, leopard and baboon often kill numerous domestic animals in the area. The reduction of the natural prey may be one of the major causes of carnivores shifting their diets to livestock (Mishra et al, 2003;Patterson et al, 2004). Moreover, hyenas and baboons may attack people occasionally in the area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Africa there are a number of larger predator species, including the lion Panthera leo, leopard Panthera pardus, spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta, baboons Papio sp., cheetah Acinonyx jubatus, African wild dog Lycaon pictus, Caracal caracal and black-backed jackal Canis mesomelas (Kolowski and Holekamp, 2006;Holmern et al, 2007). However, livestock predation often follows a seasonal pattern (Patterson et al, 2004;Kolowski and Holekamp, 2006) and influenced by environmental conditions and husbandry practices (Ogada et al, 2003). Chebera Churchura National Park (CCNP) is one of the best recently established protected areas in the region (south-west Ethiopia), with one of the highest wildlife densities in Ethiopia (Timer, 2005;Weldeyohans, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation challenge: Human-carnivore conflict in Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia

Datiko¹,

Bekele²

2013

GJBS

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An investigation on human-carnivore conflict was carried out between 2011 and 2012 around Chebera Churchura National Park. Totally 312 household samples were identified for interviews. Structured interviews were carried out in seven purposefully selected villages. Eight problematic species such as lion, leopard, jackal, wild dog, hyena, caracal, serval and anubis baboon were identified and considered as the most hazardous animals in the area. Domestic animal loss was the major problems encountered resulting in conflict between human and carnivore. Farmers reported significant problems with wild carnivores. A total of 997 individual losses of domestic animals were reported in the last three years. Predation peaked was observed during the wet season (56.3%). Most respondents reported use of guarding as very effective method in the villages. The level of conflict was increased in the recent years. The close proximity of the villages to the Park and time of a season influenced predation intensity. A combined strategy aimed at both improving husbandry techniques and education will reduce conflicts and contribute to improve conservation of these predators and reduce the loss of livestock in the area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Conservation challenge: Human-carnivore conflict in Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia

Datiko¹,

Bekele²

2013

GJBS

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“…Ogada et al (2003: 1,522) argue that a high proportion of carnivore deaths occur as a result of deliberate killings by 'people who perceive large carnivores as a threat to livestock.' Lions are not the most damaging predators in terms of actual depredation costs (Patterson et al, 2004;Holmern et al, 2007) but are a visible threat that herders try to manage, and are often the most feared of all predators (Roque de Pinho, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond ritual and economics: Maasai lion hunting and conservation politics

Goldman

Pinho

Perry

2013

Oryx

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Populations of the African lion Panthera leo are declining dramatically, with the species' survival in some areas closely linked to levels of tolerance by rural communities. In Tanzania and Kenya several of the remaining lion populations outside protected areas reside adjacent to rural communities, where they are hunted. As many of these communities are Maasai, research and conservation efforts have focused on understanding and curbing Maasai lion hunting practices. Much of this work has been informed by a dichotomous explanatory model of Maasai lion hunting as either a 'cultural' ritual or a 'retaliatory' behaviour against predation on livestock. We present qualitative data from interviews (n 5 246) in both countries to illustrate that lion hunting by Maasai is related to overlapping motivations that are simultaneously social, emotional and political (in response to conservation initiatives). Additional case study material from Tanzania highlights how politics associated with conservation activities and age-set dynamics affect lion hunting in complex and overlapping ways. Our findings contribute an ethnographic perspective on Maasai lion hunting, people-predator relations, and how these relations are linked to conservation politics.

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Integrating Herbivore Population Dynamics Into a Global Land Biosphere Model: Plugging Animals Into the Earth System

Dangal

Tian

Lü

et al. 2017

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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Mammalian herbivores are an essential component of grassland and savanna ecosystems, and with feedbacks to the climate system. To date, the response and feedbacks of mammalian herbivores to changes in both abiotic and biotic factors are poorly quantified and not adequately represented in the current global land surface modeling framework. In this study, we coupled herbivore population dynamics in a global land model (the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model, DLEM 3.0) to simulate populations of horses, cattle, sheep, and goats, and their responses to changes in multiple environmental factors at the site level across different continents during 1980–2010. Simulated results show that the model is capable of reproducing observed herbivore population dynamics across all sites for these animal groups. Our simulation results also indicate that during this period, climate extremes led to a maximum mortality of 27% of the total herbivores in Mongolia. Across all sites, herbivores reduced aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) by 14% and 15%, respectively (p < 0.05). With adequate parameterization, the model can be used for historical assessment and future prediction of mammalian herbivore populations and their relevant impacts on biogeochemical cycles. Our simulation results demonstrate a strong coupling between primary producers and consumers, indicating that inclusion of herbivores into the global land modeling framework is essential to better understand the potentially large effect of herbivores on carbon cycles in grassland and savanna ecosystems.

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Livestock predation by lions (Panthera leo) and other carnivores on ranches neighboring Tsavo National ParkS, Kenya

Cited by 263 publications

References 19 publications

Conservation challenge: Human-carnivore conflict in Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia

Conservation challenge: Human-carnivore conflict in Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia

Beyond ritual and economics: Maasai lion hunting and conservation politics

Integrating Herbivore Population Dynamics Into a Global Land Biosphere Model: Plugging Animals Into the Earth System

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