Living Anionic Polymerization of Styrene with Initiation Reactions Involving Anion Transfer Reactions

Grafting‐from Afforded Cyclic Graft Copolymers from Cyclic Anionic Macroinitiator via Lithiation of Tolyl Groups

“…In our previous research, we have investigated a living nature of the anionic polymerization of styrene from in situ–generated benzyl anion prepared by lithiation of toluene to form α‐benzyl polystyrene macromonomers . This procedure composes activation of tolyl groups into active benzyl anion sites under basic conditions.…”

“…Due to the difficulties of macroinitiator designs, however, living anionic polymerization has not been applied for preparation of cyclic graft polymers.In our previous research, we have investigated a living nature of the anionic polymerization of styrene from in situ-generated benzyl anion prepared by lithiation of toluene to form α-benzyl polystyrene macromonomers. [22,23] This procedure composes activation of tolyl groups into active benzyl anion sites under basic conditions. A few works were reported by using this technique for branched polymers, such as simple branched polymers, [24] block-graft polymers, [25] and hyperbranched polymers.…”

Synthesis of functionalized fullerene‐C60 by the living anionic polymerization technique

“…Consequently, some researchers noticed that this polymerization technique potentially had the ability to act as an excellent indicator for organic reactions. For example, Goto et al examined the reactivity of the sec ‐butyllithium/amine system to the metalation (i.e., metal‐hydrogen exchange reaction) of the benzylic hydrogen atom on toluene (or its derivatives) by the living anionic polymerization of St 2. Mathis et al estimated the number of living polystyrene (PSt) (i.e., benzyl carbanion) molecules bonded onto fullerene‐C 60 (C 60 ) through the living anionic polymerization technique 3.…”