Living near nuclear power plants and thyroid cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Bang, Yejin; Lee, Won Jin

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.006

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A recent review and meta-analysis, which studied the risk of thyroid cancer associated with living near nuclear power plants, did not find increased risk of thyroid cancer overall (summary Odd Ratio = 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.87;1.11). 46 For studies considered as well-designed studies, the summary Odd Ratio was 1.13 (95% confidence interval: 0.69;1.84). Since this meta-analysis publication, Wang et al studied cancer incidences in Taiwan for the period 1979-2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around the two Belgian nuclear power plants of Doel and Tihange, we observed lower incidences of thyroid cancer compared to their reference area. A recent review and meta‐analysis, which studied the risk of thyroid cancer associated with living near nuclear power plants, did not find increased risk of thyroid cancer overall (summary Odd Ratio = 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.87;1.11) . For studies considered as well‐designed studies, the summary Odd Ratio was 1.13 (95% confidence interval: 0.69;1.84).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid cancer incidence near nuclear sites in Belgium: An ecological study at small geographical level

Demoury

Schutter²,

Faes

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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In Belgium, variations in thyroid cancer incidence were observed around the major nuclear sites. The present ecological study investigates whether there is an excess incidence of thyroid cancer among people living in the vicinity of the four nuclear sites at the smallest Belgian geographical level. Rate ratios were obtained from a Bayesian hierarchical model for areas of varying sizes around the nuclear sites. Focused hypothesis tests and generalized additive models were performed to test the hypothesis of a gradient in thyroid cancer incidence with increasing levels of surrogate exposures. No evidence was found for more incident cases of thyroid cancer near the two nuclear power plants. Regarding the two industrial and research nuclear sites, no evidence for a higher incidence in the vicinity of Mol‐Dessel was observed, whereas a slightly nonsignificant higher incidence was found in the close vicinity of Fleurus. In addition, significant gradients for thyroid cancer incidence were observed with the different types of surrogate exposure considered in the 20 km area around the site of Fleurus (decreasing distance, increasing wind direction frequency and increasing exposure to estimated hypothetical radioactive discharges of iodine‐131). In the investigation at the smallest Belgian geographical level, variations in thyroid cancer incidence were found around the Belgian nuclear sites. Significant exposure–response relationships were also observed for the site of Fleurus. Further investigations into these findings could be useful to allow inferring causal relationships on the origin of variations in incidence and to provide information at the individual level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid cancer incidence near nuclear sites in Belgium: An ecological study at small geographical level

Demoury

Schutter²,

Faes

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…A systematic review and meta-analysis on this issue does not support an association between living near nuclear power plants and risk of thyroid cancer. However, sensitivity analysis by exposure definition demonstrated that living less than 20 km from nuclear power plants was associated with a significant increase in the risk of thyroid cancer (83). Additionally, with a 12% risk that MNG harbors preoperatively unsuspected PTCs which can have already infiltrated the capsule and that are accompanied frequently by other PTC foci contralaterally, an adequate surgical approach has to be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperatively undiagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma in patients thyroidectomized for benign multinodular goiter

Famà¹,

Sindoni²,

Cicciù³

et al. 2018

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective: Incidental thyroid cancers (ITCs) are often microcarcinomas; among them, the most frequent histotype is the papillary one. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in patients thyroidectomized for benign multinodular goiter. Subject and methods: We retrospectively evaluated the histological incidence of PTC in 207 consecutive patients who, in a 1-year period, underwent thyroidectomy for benign multinodular goiter. All patients came from an iodine-deficient area (Orleans, France) with three nuclear power stations located in the neighboring areas of the county town. Results: Overall, 25 thyroids (12.1%) harbored 37 PTC, of which 31 were microcarcinomas. In these 25 PTC patients, mean age was 55 ± 10 years (range 30-75), female:male ratio 20:5 (4:1). In 10 patients (40% of 25 and 4.8% of 207), PTCs were bilateral, and in 7 (2 with microPTCs) the thyroid capsule was infiltrated. These 7 patients underwent central and lateral cervical lymph node dissections, which revealed lymph node metastases in one and two cases, respectively. Radioiodine treatment was performed in 7 cases. Neither mortality nor transient and permanent nerve injuries were observed. Four (16%) transient hypocalcaemias occurred as early complications. At last follow-up visit (mean length of follow-up 17.2 ± 3.4 months), all patients were doing well and free of any clinical local recurrence or distant metastases. Conclusion: With a 12% risk that multinodular goiter harbors preoperatively unsuspected PTCs, which can have already infiltrated the capsule and that can be accompanied by PTC foci contralaterally, an adequate surgical approach has to be considered. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2018;62(2):139-48

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“…Moreover, a recent meta‐analysis of the association between living near NPPs and risk of thyroid cancer showed a decreased risk for thyroid cancer incidence in studies that defined exposure as living near an NPP (summary OR = 0.76; 95%IC: 0.59–0.97). Paradoxically, exposure to ionizing radiation is a well‐recognized risk factor for thyroid cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More generally, most studies both in and outside France have focused on the incidence of leukemia among children living near NPPs, [4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13][14] while only a few have analyzed adult cancer around them. [10][11][12][13][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Some of the latter, focused on single nuclear installations, have observed higher than expected numbers of leukemia and of kidney and lung cancers. [11][12][13]15,17 To examine the incidence of cancer in adults living around NPPs in France and improve our understanding of the technical challenges related to health surveillance in the vicinity of NPPs, Sant e Publique France, the national public health agency, conducted an ecologic investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer incidence in adults living in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in France, based on data from the French Network of Cancer Registries

Desbiolles

Roudier

Goria

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Nuclear power plants (NPPs) release toxic emissions into the environment that may affect neighboring populations. This ecologic study was designed to investigate the possibility of an excess incidence of cancer in the vicinity of French NPPs by examining the incidence by municipality of 12 types of cancer in the population aged 15 years and older during the 1995-2011 period. Population exposure to pollution was estimated on the basis of distance from towns of residence to the NPP. Using regression models, we assessed the risk of cancer in a 20-km zone around NPPs and observed an excess incidence of bladder cancer (Relative Risk (RR), 95% Credibility Interval (95% CI)) in men and women (RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.17 and RR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.39). Women living within the 20-km proximity areas had a significantly reduced risk of thyroid cancer (RR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.96). No excess risk of hematologic malignancies in either sex was seen. The higher than expected incidence of bladder cancer may be due to an excess incidence localized around the Flamanville NPP and the nearby La Hague nuclear waste treatment center, which is a source of chemical contaminants, many (including arsenic) of them known risk factors for bladder cancer. Differences in medical practices could explain the reduced risk of thyroid cancer. In this first study of adults living near NPPs in France, cancer incidence is significantly higher than in the references populations for one of the cancer types studied: bladder cancer.

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Living near nuclear power plants and thyroid cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 34 publications

References 25 publications

Thyroid cancer incidence near nuclear sites in Belgium: An ecological study at small geographical level

Thyroid cancer incidence near nuclear sites in Belgium: An ecological study at small geographical level

Preoperatively undiagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma in patients thyroidectomized for benign multinodular goiter

Cancer incidence in adults living in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in France, based on data from the French Network of Cancer Registries

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