Living related liver transplantation in children

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“…The procedures for patients receiving a liver transplant have been previously described. 11,12 This study was approved by the ethics committees of Nagoya University School of Medicine (approval No. 290).…”

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“…[1][2][3] Surveillance duration of transplanted liver is related to many factors including pathogens. 4 Many of the pathogens can threaten the health of a transplanted liver, among them cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause mortality and morbidity directly and/or indirectly influencing immunosuppression that make the patient susceptible to different superinfections.…”

“…15 Interleukin-17 is the major proinflammatory cytokine of these cells which is a part of normal host response to infection. 2,7,9,16 One study elucidated the role of Th17 in viral infection persistence by upregulating the antiapoptotic molecules that renders survival of virus-infected cells. 17 Also, another study showed the in situ existence of the Th17 cells in HBVinfected liver can worsen the liver physiology.…”

“…18 The importance of Th17 cells and its important cytokine, IL-17, is detected in different inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (eg, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis), 20 and allograft rejection. 2,9,11,21 Also, IL-17 by its proinflammatory action, can induce expression of many factors dealing with inflammation. 7 Increase of IL-17 after transplant and rejection in different transplant type in human and mice is documented.…”

“…7 Increase of IL-17 after transplant and rejection in different transplant type in human and mice is documented. 2 In rat acute renal allograft rejection models, elevation of IL-17 proteins in day 2 after transplant has been shown. 22,23 In mouse heart transplant model, using IL-17 inhibitor, reduced production of inflammatory cytokines within the graft and increased graft survival.…”