Living Systems: Designing Growth in Baubotanik

Ludwig, Ferdinand; Schwertfreger, Hannes; Storz, Oliver

doi:10.1002/ad.1383

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Though there were originally trees planted diagonally as well as vertically, the diagonals did not maintain health and did not survive early growth phases. The vertical trees were still healthy 60 years after construction, as documented by Ludwig [234], and had by that time fully encircled the steel railings at their attachment points, embedding the railings into the living trunks. In order to extend these results to taller multi-storey buildings, the Baubotanik Plane Tree Cube Nagold and Baubotanik Tower , referred to above in §3.1.3, were built by Ludwig et al 3,4 In these two, free-standing steel structures were first built with columns and floor plates, with the intention to grow trees in a structural frame pattern around permanent floor plate perimeters at each level, until the trees mature enough that they can structurally support the floor plates and the temporary steel columns can be removed [234].…”

Section: Hybridizing Buildings and Biologymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The Baubotanik Footbridge by Ludwig et al 21 uses trees as living columns to support a steel platform and handrail at second-storey height, as shown in figure 7 a . The mechanical platform and handrails maintained their location and orientation throughout growth, as the stems only grew radially in the zone where the mechanical elements were incorporated, according to [234]. Though there were originally trees planted diagonally as well as vertically, the diagonals did not maintain health and did not survive early growth phases.…”

Section: Hybridizing Buildings and Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baubotanik footbridge. Images by author and published in [234], 184. Built structure in Wald-Ruhestetten, Germany.…”

Section: Endnotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Constructing living buildings: a review of relevant technologies for a novel application of biohybrid robotics

Heinrich

Mammen

Hofstadler

et al. 2019

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Biohybrid robotics takes an engineering approach to the expansion and exploitation of biological behaviours for application to automated tasks. Here, we identify the construction of living buildings and infrastructure as a high-potential application domain for biohybrid robotics, and review technological advances relevant to its future development. Construction, civil infrastructure maintenance and building occupancy in the last decades have comprised a major portion of economic production, energy consumption and carbon emissions. Integrating biological organisms into automated construction tasks and permanent building components therefore has high potential for impact. Live materials can provide several advantages over standard synthetic construction materials, including self-repair of damage, increase rather than degradation of structural performance over time, resilience to corrosive environments, support of biodiversity, and mitigation of urban heat islands. Here, we review relevant technologies, which are currently disparate. They span robotics, self-organizing systems, artificial life, construction automation, structural engineering, architecture, bioengineering, biomaterials, and molecular and cellular biology. In these disciplines, developments relevant to biohybrid construction and living buildings are in the early stages, and typically are not exchanged between disciplines. We, therefore, consider this review useful to the future development of biohybrid engineering for this highly interdisciplinary application.

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Section: Hybridizing Buildings and Biologymentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Hybridizing Buildings and Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Constructing living buildings: a review of relevant technologies for a novel application of biohybrid robotics

Heinrich

Mammen

Hofstadler

et al. 2019

J. R. Soc. Interface.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast to the design and production of these technical parts, using plants as integral natural elements in the design posed a particular challenge. Unlike the technical components, plants are not finished elements, but develop over time based on their inherent growth patterns in reaction to the setting's growth factors (compare e.g., [18,20], see also [21]). However, due to the need to create a representative pavilion that can be exhibited in minimal time, plants had to be used in exactly that way here: the ivies at the temporary exhibition were not demanded to really grow.…”

Section: Reflection Of the Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Microclimate Canopy: Design, Manufacture, Installation, and Growth Simulation of a Living Architecture Prototype

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Urban Microclimate Canopy is a digitally fabricated fiber glass structure supporting climbing plants in order to explore new ways of integrating vegetation in densely built urban environments. A prototype was designed and manufactured in the context of an interdisciplinary studio with master’s students following an approach of research by design. Varying the assembly of winding frames and fiber weaving syntax generates diverse geometric shape and structural performance. For two short-term exhibitions, ivy plants were temporarily installed in the structure. This first step was followed with a reflection of systematic integration of the growth processes of climbing plants and parametric design. An iterative solution is given, consisting of a feedback loop linking the design of the technical structure, the simulation of plant growth, and the simulation of the environmental effects of the hybrid structure. To achieve this a novel framework for simulating twining plant’s growth on network-like structures is presented: external stimuli define a cone-shaped circumnutation space (searching space model) which results in a climbing path (climbing steps model). The framework is constructed to integrate improved individual functions (such as stimuli of circumnutation) for better simulation results. To acquire more knowledge about interactions between the plants and the fiber structure, the prototype was installed permanently and planted with three different climbing plants, representing different climbing mechanisms.

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“…Efforts to bring tree shaping into more sophisticated engineering spheres include a concept design for a modern eco-friendly home based on tree-shaping using computer numerically-controlled (CNC) scaffold design [111] . Another parallel effort to integrating such tree shaping into modern building technologies has been explored as an architectural engineering approach known as Baubotanik [112, 113] , developed at the University of Stuttgart. Another exciting area in this area is the genetic manipulation of trees to alter the properties of the resulting wood, such as lignin content, growth rate, or pest resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Living Materials: Prospects and Challenges for Using Biological Systems to Direct the Assembly of Smart Materials

et al. 2018

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Vast potential exists for the development of novel, engineered platforms that manipulate biology for the production of programmed advanced materials. Such systems would possess the autonomous, adaptive, and self-healing characteristics of living organisms, but would be engineered with the goal of assembling bulk materials with designer physicochemical or mechanical properties, across multiple length scales. Early efforts toward such engineered living materials (ELMs) are reviewed here, with an emphasis on engineered bacterial systems, living composite materials which integrate inorganic components, successful examples of large-scale implementation, and production methods. In addition, a conceptual exploration of the fundamental criteria of ELM technology and its future challenges is presented. Cradled within the rich intersection of synthetic biology and self-assembling materials, the development of ELM technologies allows the power of biology to be leveraged to grow complex structures and objects using a palette of bio-nanomaterials.

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Living Systems: Designing Growth in Baubotanik

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Constructing living buildings: a review of relevant technologies for a novel application of biohybrid robotics

Constructing living buildings: a review of relevant technologies for a novel application of biohybrid robotics

Urban Microclimate Canopy: Design, Manufacture, Installation, and Growth Simulation of a Living Architecture Prototype

Engineered Living Materials: Prospects and Challenges for Using Biological Systems to Direct the Assembly of Smart Materials

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