Living Tissue Formed in Vitro and Accepted as Skin-Equivalent Tissue of Full Thickness

Abstract

Living skin-equivalent grafts consisting of fibroblasts cast in collagen lattices and seeded with epidermal cells were successfully grafted onto the donors of the cells. The grafts were vascularized, did not evoke a homograft reaction, inhibited wound contraction, filled the wound space, and persisted.

Function and regulation of AP-1 subunits in skin physiology and pathology

“…However, a simpli®ed in vitro tissue engineered skin equivalent model mimicking tissue physiology has been established, in which the regulatory cross talk between keratinocytes and dermal ®broblasts can be investigated. In these organotypic cultures keratinocyte proliferation and di erentiation is maintained under the control of co-cultured dermal ®broblasts from human or mouse to form a three-dimensionally organized epithelium (Bell et al, 1981;Fusenig, 1994;Choi and Fuchs, 1990). Keratinocytes form a typical epidermal tissue architecture expressing essentially all characteristic di erentiation markers including a basement membrane (Smola et al, 1998).…”

Synthesis and Characterization of New Ascorbic Derivative: Sodium Isostearyl 2-O-L-Ascorbyl Phosphate

“…Skin penetration of VCP-IS-Na was evaluated using as organotype model of human skin, living skin equivalent-high (LSE-high), namely TESTSKIN TM (28)(29)(30). The time course of permeation amount in the receptor compartment was investigated after 2.5 mL of 2.0% test sample (284.14 mmol as VC, 129.9 mmol as VCP-Na, 98.4 mmol as VCP-IS-Na) solution was applied to a donor cell (Fig.…”

Synthesis of organs: In vitro or in vivo ?

“…The authors' methodology represents a decided and encouraging improvement; nevertheless, their findings suggest that, in future investigations, an effort could be profitably made to identify the appropriate nondiffusible regulator. Although Schechner and coworkers (1) switched from the type I collagen gel originally used (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) to a type I collagen-fibronectin gel, this hardly represents an exhaustive search for the most active nondiffusible regulator. The experience with in vivo synthesis of skin, described above, suggests that such a search would be well worth the effort.…”

“…The in vitro approach relies on first constructing in vitro a ''skin equivalent'' (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). In contrast to the in vivo protocol described above, this methodology consists of extensive in vitro culture of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a contracted collagen gel, to yield a bilayer consisting of an epidermis and a connective tissue layer, which is grafted on skin-free wounds.…”

“…In contrast to the in vivo protocol described above, this methodology consists of extensive in vitro culture of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a contracted collagen gel, to yield a bilayer consisting of an epidermis and a connective tissue layer, which is grafted on skin-free wounds. A new skin, consisting of an epidermis and a dermis, is synthesized after implantation and subsequent remodeling inside the host (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). In addition to lacking appendages, the new skin lacks the downward folds of the epidermis (rete ridges) (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14); however, these folds harbor the interdigitating dermal papillae that supply the epidermis (Figs.…”