Living with Volcan Tungurahua: The dynamics of vulnerability during prolonged volcanic activity

Few, Roger; Armijos, Maria Teresa; Barclay, Jenni

doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.01.006

Cited by 37 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This underpinning data included: (i) historical analyses of previous eruptions in St Vincent (Pyle, Barclay and Armijos 2017); (ii) group discussion data from earlier STREVA 'forensic' 6 workshops held in St Vincent and Colombia in 2014 ; (iii) interview data with project partners and communities (Armijos and Few 2016, Wilkinson et al 2016, and (iv) learning from other volcanic settings (e.g. Montserrat and Ecuador) (Hicks and Few 2015, Wilkinson 2015, Stone et al 2014, Hicks et al 2014, Few, Armijos and Barclay 2017. The breadth and depth of data, as well as our strong relationships with communities in both settings, was essential to position the films within each specific socio-cultural context and to ensure the aims of the films were both relevant to, and met the needs of the audience.…”

Section: Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk communication films: Process, product and potential for improving preparedness and behaviour change

Hicks

Armijos

Barclay

et al. 2017

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

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The medium of film is well established for education and communication about hazardous phenomena as it provides engaging ways to directly view hazards and their impacts. Empirical analysis can help to understand films' effectiveness in informing populations at risk and catalysing action to reduce risk.Using volcanic eruptions as a focus, an evidence-based methodology was devised to create, use, and track the outcomes of digital film tools designed to raise hazard and risk awareness, and develop preparedness efforts. Experiences from two contrasting eruptions were documented, with the secondary purpose of fostering social and cultural memories of eruptions, developed in response to demand from at-risk communities during field-based research. The films were created as a partnership with local volcano monitoring scientists and at-risk populations who, consequently, became the leading focus of the films, thus offering a substantial contrast to other types of hazard communication.The films were analysed by sharing them with at-risk communities and evaluating the immediate influence on learning and affect. Results indicated that the use of local content and actors to share experiences and teach valuable lessons were inspirational. Recognizable faces and spaces helped to convey disaster risk reduction messages. They This study demonstrated the effectiveness of co-production in the design and execution of intervention strategies for volcanic risk reduction. Co-production of films with local agencies resulted in products that were contextually appropriate, meaningful for audiences, and useful risk communication tools. Acronyms

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Section: Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk communication films: Process, product and potential for improving preparedness and behaviour change

Hicks

Armijos

Barclay

et al. 2017

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

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“…Subsequently, the response of the monitoring organisation to these pressures represents a new archetype for collaborative monitoring and management of restive volcanoes (Mothes et al 2015;Stone et al 2014). The growth of trust, and attempts to maximise resilience in the face of repeated unrest episodes provides strong evidence for collaborative approaches to risk management (Few et al 2017). Nonetheless tensions still exist, largely arising from our current incapacity to predict the intensity or magnitude of eruptions from signals relating to new unrest.…”

Section: Long-term Crises Examples: Soufrière Hills (Montserrat) and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To improve decision-making around changing alert or hazard levels, improved modelling efforts of the time-scales and pathways of population mobilisation or actions (both as forward modelling and as analysis of past events) and better understanding of the consequences of protracted unrest or eruptive activity on the vulnerabilities of affected populations (e.g. Few et al 2017) could improve choices to be made in responding to changing or escalating activity as well as chain-link scenarios.…”

Section: (C) Wider Natural Risk Appraisalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic Unrest and Pre-eruptive Processes: A Hazard and Risk Perspective

Gottsmann¹,

Komorowski²,

Barclay³

2017

Advances in Volcanology

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“…We seek to understand the interactions that contribute to volcanic risk during eruptions, where risk is considered to be the interaction of hazard and vulnerability. Vulnerability is to a large extent a socially generated condition and is shaped differentially both by physical and social structures, and by aspects of human agency (Few et al, 2017). So, in the context of long-lived emergencies the cumulative outcomes on vulnerability can be viewed via impacts to wellbeing and access to livelihood security (Wisner et al, 2004;Kelman and Mather, 2008), and this is how we have framed the social outcomes from eruptive activity in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the conditions that turn hazardous activity into a volcanic disaster are also a construction of preexisting social circumstances, limited capacities and inadequate responses, even when good monitoring systems are in place (Andreastuti et al, 2018). Given the relatively protracted timescales of volcanic eruptions and the inherent uncertainty in forecasting eruption onset and impacts, interactions between the physical and social dimensions of risk during an unfolding eruptive event can be fundamental in creating or prolonging disaster (Hicks and Few, 2015;Few et al, 2017). Thus, a lack of knowledge of these interactions may reduce capacity to manage ongoing risk and contribute to the loss that continues to be experienced during volcanic eruptions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livelihoods, Wellbeing and the Risk to Life During Volcanic Eruptions

et al. 2019

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A forensic analysis of fatalities and displacements from recent volcanic eruptions (1986-2015) provides insights into factors that influence actions to protect life in high-risk environments. Unlike many other geophysical hazard events, volcanic eruptions may be prolonged, and of variable intensity. This is reflected in patterns of volcanic fatalities. A global survey reveals that 63% of primary volcanic deaths occur after the first week of activity, with >44% of these deaths associated with citizens returning to an established high-hazard zone. Evacuations during volcanic eruptions are protracted and this allows time for competing pressures to arise. Examination of detailed data from three volcanic crises (La Soufriere, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Soufrière Hills, Montserrat and Tungurahua, Ecuador) suggests that the need to preserve livelihoods plays a strong role in protecting life. A dynamic, associated with pull (e.g., protecting assets, place attachment) and push factors (e.g., poor shelter conditions), can draw evacuees to return during high-risk periods. Similar considerations can restrain people with previous experience of volcanic hazards and displacement, from evacuating. Our global analysis shows that these pressures, when coupled with forecasting uncertainties and the rapid landscape change associated with volcanic eruptions, mean that the physical and social vulnerability of populations change significantly during the course of an eruption. Ongoing risk to life is shaped by hazard experience and action; timescales of hazard escalation and their relationship to warning and action; and the timescales over which evacuation conditions are tolerable to livelihood and asset preservation, and mental and physical wellbeing in shelters.

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Living with Volcan Tungurahua: The dynamics of vulnerability during prolonged volcanic activity

Cited by 37 publications

References 27 publications

Risk communication films: Process, product and potential for improving preparedness and behaviour change

Risk communication films: Process, product and potential for improving preparedness and behaviour change

Volcanic Unrest and Pre-eruptive Processes: A Hazard and Risk Perspective

Livelihoods, Wellbeing and the Risk to Life During Volcanic Eruptions

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