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Кузнецов, А. В.; Lozin, G. A.; Derevyanchenko, I. V.; Konyukhov, V. V.

doi:10.1023/a:1023959510287

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…As regards the ladle lifetime in terms of number of heats, besides the data provided by the industrial partners, in Arteaga et al (2014) a general time increasing average number around 70 is reported in 2012 for 135 t ladles, and in Ewais (2004) the datum of 95 heats is reported for a 95 t ladle furnace lined with resin-bonded alumina/magnesia/ graphite bricks at the barrel and bottom and MgO-C at the slag area. In Kuznetsov et al (2003), optimally tuned operating conditions of steel-teeming ladles permitted to reach, in the course of the years, till year 2000, the number of 75-90 heats (without mid-life repair) and the refractory consumption in the range 2.7-2.9 kg/t. In Kirschen et al (2012), the ladle lifetime of magnesia linings is reported in the wide range 50-150 heats, since the dissolution in the slag is strongly dependent on the MgO saturation level.…”

Section: Results Of Shifting the Impacts Of The Functional Unit From Bricks To Steel Considering The Refractory Consumption Onlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible ecological advantages from use of carbonless magnesia refractory bricks in secondary steelmaking: a framework LCA perspective

Boenzi

2021

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In the present paper, two types of magnesia-based refractory bricks for the wear lining of a steel ladle furnace are considered, with the aim of comparing their ecological performances. The adopted methodology is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach from cradle-to-gate of the two brick product systems, in accordance with the European and International Standard EN ISO 14044:2006, and the chosen methodology for the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) is ReCiPe 2016, considering the midpoint impact categories and the hierarchist perspective. The conducted study is part of a European industrial research project aimed at investigating the possibility of cleanliness improvement of the steel produced in secondary steelmaking, by reducing the refractory contamination in the steel ladle furnace. The compared refractory bricks consist of a reference, currently used, MgO-C type and a more innovative "carbonless" one, containing magnesia and MA sintered spinel as principal components, on the basis of recipe data provided by the industrial partners of the project. The results attained so far in industrial practice are preliminary, because of the lack of a full-ladle lining experimentation, even though the application of the conceived innovative bricks in the upper part of the slag line of the ladle presents promising aspects. The results of the LCIA comparison between the two brick product systems highlight better performances for all the impact categories, except for "Human carcinogenic toxicity" and markedly for "Mineral resource scarcity." Besides these results, a general framework for shifting the ecological analysis to the steel production is provided. Calculations, referred to the production of one tonne of steel, are therefore performed, involving scenario assumptions not only regarding the refractory consumption but also the forecast operational features of the steel ladle with the "carbonless" lining. In this second set of results, it is clear how the principal contribution to almost all the impact categories is the electrical energy consumption of the ladle, while the contribution from the brick product systems remains important for the above-mentioned worsened impact categories, whose magnitude is strongly dependent on the refractory consumption.

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Section: Results Of Shifting the Impacts Of The Functional Unit From Bricks To Steel Considering The Refractory Consumption Onlymentioning

confidence: 99%