2010
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-11-46
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Load and speed effects on the cervical flexion relaxation phenomenon

Abstract: BackgroundThe flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP) represents a well-studied neuromuscular response that occurs in the lumbar and cervical spine. However, the cervical spine FRP has not been investigated extensively, and the speed of movement and loading effects remains to be characterized. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the influence of load and speed on cervical FRP electromyographic (EMG) and kinematic parameters and to assess the measurement of cervical FRP kinematic and EMG parameter … Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…Consequently, other studies have evaluated the effect of factors such as load applied to the head, load carried using a backpack, trunk posture, computer use, and speed of movement on the load sharing between the active and passive tissues using cervical FRP Pialasse et al, 2009Pialasse et al, , 2010Yoo et al, 2011). A diminished FRP in individuals with symptoms of neck pain compared to asymptomatic healthy controls has also been observed in previous studies (Maroufi et al, 2012;Murphy et al, 2010).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…Consequently, other studies have evaluated the effect of factors such as load applied to the head, load carried using a backpack, trunk posture, computer use, and speed of movement on the load sharing between the active and passive tissues using cervical FRP Pialasse et al, 2009Pialasse et al, , 2010Yoo et al, 2011). A diminished FRP in individuals with symptoms of neck pain compared to asymptomatic healthy controls has also been observed in previous studies (Maroufi et al, 2012;Murphy et al, 2010).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…Each subject performed three trials of this protocol. Throughout the test to prevent the effect of speed on FRP, the pace was controlled by a digital metronome [10,23]. Before the test, all subjects were instructed to perform full correct cervical flexion, without protrusion of the head at the preset pace.…”
Section: Participantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Movements in the spine are supported by a complex neuromuscular system involving active (muscle), passive (vertebrae, intervertebral discs, ligaments, tendons and fascia) and neural components [31]. During full flexion, this supporting role transfers from the superficial extensor musculature to other stabilisation systems [7,[9][10][11][12]. The relationship between pain and altered muscle activation patterns is also complex, and researchers use experimental pain models to explain how pain can change the motor control and load transfer between tissues [7,32].…”
Section: Appearance Of Frpmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This phenomenon was first reported in the cervical spine using a pulley with a needle electrode (Pauly, 1966). Since then, a number of studies have investigated this phenomenon and the factors influencing it (Airaksinen et al, 2005;Burnett et al, 2009;Meyer et al, 1993;Pialasse et al, 2009;Pialasse et al, 2010). Two studies compared FRP parameters in patients with chronic neck pain and healthy controls.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 95%