Loading rate dependency of strain energy release rate in mode I delamination of composite laminates

Ekhtiyari, Amin; Alderliesten, R.C.; Shokrieh, M.M.

doi:10.1016/j.tafmec.2021.102894

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Several aspects need to be considered in further work. First, studies may include the strain rate's effect on the critical energy release rate and the case with heat elevation and dissipation on the crack tip [20,21,[39][40][41][42][43]. Another idea is to decrease the mesh size to better capture the crack tip geometry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Effects on Critical Energy Release Rate for Aluminum and Titanium Alloys

Long,

Wang,

Lee

et al. 2024

Symmetry

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This work investigates temperature’s effect on the critical energy release rate using damage mechanics material models and the element deletion method. The energy release rate describes the decrease in total potential energy per increase in crack surface area. The critical energy release rate is widely used as the failure criterion for various elastic and plastic materials. In real-life scenarios, fractures may occur at different temperatures. The temperature dependency of the critical energy release rate for aluminum 2024-T351 and titanium Ti-6Al-4V is studied in this work. We utilized test-data-based advanced material models of these two alloys, considering the strain rate, temperature, and state of stress for plasticity and failure. These material models are used to simulate a three-dimensional fracture specimen to find the critical energy release rate at different temperatures. A new method to calculate the critical energy release rate with the element deletion method is introduced and verified with the virtual crack opening method. This method enables the calculation of the energy release rate in a classical damage mechanics simulation for dynamic cack propagation. The simulation result indicates that the critical energy release rate increases with rising temperatures for these alloys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Effects on Critical Energy Release Rate for Aluminum and Titanium Alloys

Long,

Wang,

Lee

et al. 2024

Symmetry

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“…In general, loading frequency [65,84] and loading rate [85] are secondary factors in determining strain energy release rate. As long as the frequency is below 10 Hz, the limitation of frequency ensures that composite materials do not produce local high temperatures.…”

Section: Other Secondary Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Assessment of Fatigue Delamination Damage of Laminated Composite Structures

Deng,

Zhou,

et al. 2023

Materials

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Fatigue delamination damage is one of the most important fatigue failure modes for laminated composite structures. However, there are still many challenging problems in the development of the theoretical framework, mathematical/physical models, and numerical simulation of fatigue delamination. What is more, it is essential to establish a systematic classification of these methods and models. This article reviews the experimental phenomena of delamination onset and propagation under fatigue loading. The authors reviewed the commonly used phenomenological models for laminated composite structures. The research methods, general modeling formulas, and development prospects of phenomenological models were presented in detail. Based on the analysis of finite element models (FEMs) for laminated composite structures, several simulation methods for fatigue delamination damage models (FDDMs) were carefully classified. Then, the whole procedure, range of applications, capability assessment, and advantages and limitations of the models, which were based on four types of theoretical frameworks, were also discussed in detail. The theoretical frameworks include the strength theory model (SM), fracture mechanics model (FM), damage mechanics model (DM), and hybrid model (HM). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the FDDM based on the modified Paris law within the framework of hybrid fracture and damage mechanics is the most effective method so far. However, it is difficult for the traditional FDDM to solve the problem of the spatial delamination of complex structures. In addition, the balance between the cost of acquiring the model and the computational efficiency of the model is also critical. Therefore, several potential research directions, such as the extended finite element method (XFEM), isogeometric analysis (IGA), phase-field model (PFM), artificial intelligence algorithm, and higher-order deformation theory (HODT), have been presented in the conclusions. Through validation by investigators, these research directions have the ability to overcome the challenging technical issues in the fatigue delamination prediction of laminated composite structures.

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“…The initiation value is highly sensitive to the crack-tip conditions and the propagation value is a preferable input parameter for computational modelling. Strain rate testing of Mode I fracture toughness of UD carbon/epoxy composites was investigated by increasing the displacement rate of the DCB arms to up to 400 m s −1 , of specimens mounted in a servo-hydraulic testing machine, where a reduction in fracture toughness was observed [ 91 ]. For higher strain rates, a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was used to drive a wedge in a pre-existing crack of a mounted specimen at speeds of up to 1000 m s −1 where, in this case, the values obtained were nearly equal to the static values [ 92 ].…”

Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational modelling of the crushing of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites

Falzon

2022

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The use of lightweight carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites in transportation vehicles has necessitated the need to guarantee that these new materials and their structures are able to deliver a sufficient level of crashworthiness to ensure passenger safety. Unlike their metallic counterparts, which absorb energy primarily through plastic deformation, CFRPs absorb energy through a complex interaction of damage mechanisms involving matrix (polymer) cracking, fibre/matrix debonding, fibre pull-out/kinking/fracture, delamination and inter/intralaminar friction. CFRP is primarily deployed as a laminate and can potentially deliver a higher specific energy absorption than metals. Translating this capability to a structural scale requires careful design and is dependent on geometry, fibre architecture, laminate stacking sequence and damage initiation strategies for optimal uniform crushing. Consequently, the design of crashworthy CFRP structures currently entails extensive physical testing which is expensive and time consuming. This paper reports on progress and challenges in the development of a finite-element computational capability for simulating the crushing of composites for crashworthiness assessments, with the aim of reducing the burden of physical testing. It addresses the ‘tyranny of scales’ in modelling structures constructed of CFRP composites. Intrinsic to this capability is the acquisition of reliable material data for the damage model, in particular interlaminar and intralaminar fracture toughness values. While quasi-static values can be obtained with a reasonable level of confidence, results achieved through dynamic testing are still the subject of debate and the relationship between fracture toughness and strain rate has yet to be satisfactorily resolved. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Nanocracks in nature and industry’.

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Loading rate dependency of strain energy release rate in mode I delamination of composite laminates

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Temperature Effects on Critical Energy Release Rate for Aluminum and Titanium Alloys

Temperature Effects on Critical Energy Release Rate for Aluminum and Titanium Alloys

Review and Assessment of Fatigue Delamination Damage of Laminated Composite Structures

Computational modelling of the crushing of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites

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