Local and systemic inflammatory and immunologic reactions to cyathostomin larvicidal therapy in horses

Nielsen, Martin K.; Loynachan, Alan T.; Jacobsen, Stine; Stewart, James J. P.; Reinemeyer, Craig R.; Horohov, David W.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.09.009

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Based on histopathological evaluation of local tissue reaction, Steinbach et al 8 concluded that there was substantially more inflammation in the fenbendazole‐treated group compared to the moxidectin group 8 . In comparison, we have reported only subtle differences in local pro‐inflammatory cytokine gene expression between groups of horses treated with the same anthelmintics 9 . Most recently, we evaluated the histopathological effects of both moxidectin and five‐day fenbendazole treatment over two post‐treatment time intervals and noted inflammatory reactions both at 2 and 5 weeks post‐treatment (WPT) 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Reverse transcription of the samples was carried out similarly to Nielsen et al 9 Briefly, RNA was quantified with a Biotek Epoch Biophotometer (Biotek). Reverse transcription reactions were carried out in an Applied Biosystems Veriti 96‐well Thermal Cycler (Applied Biosystems), using Promega reagents (Promega).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there are two anthelmintic products labelled for larvicidal treatment of encysted cyathostomin larvae: fenbendazole (10 mg/kg or 7.5 mg/kg orally for 5 consecutive days) and moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg orally once). Studies have described the inflammatory response to these two larvicidal treatments both locally and systemically 8‐10 . While these studies evaluated the inflammatory response to the larvae and treatment, their scope of testing of the inflammatory response (especially in regard to the local cytokine and local gene expression) was limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathostomin infection and larvicidal anthelmintic therapy

Steuer

Stewart

Barker

et al. 2020

Parasite Immunology

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Aims:The role of the immune response to cyathostomin infections in horses remains unknown. Intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia has previously been noted as a component in cyathostomin infection; however, the function is unclear. The goal of this study was to evaluate the local and systemic gene expression to cyathostomin infections following larvicidal treatment and explore their relation to goblet cells. Methods and Results: Thirty-six ponies with naturally acquired cyathostomin infections were randomly allocated into three groups: fenbendazole-treated (10 mg/kg PO 5 days), moxidectin-treated (0.4 mg/kg PO once) and untreated control. Whole blood from all horses was collected weekly, and tissue samples from the large intestine collected during necropsy at 2 and 5 weeks post-treatment (WPT). Gene expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, IFN-γ, resistin-like molecule beta (RELM-β), Mucin 2 (MUC2) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α was measured using qRT-PCR. There were statistically significant linear correlations between luminal worm burdens and MUC2 (r = −.2358) and RELM-β (r = −.2261). Conclusion: This suggests an active role of immune system post-treatment in parasite expulsion, specifically in goblet cells, and that the organs respond differently to treatment and the larvae themselves. This may have implications in the disease process and treatment. K E Y W O R D S anthelmintic, cyathostomin, equine, goblet cell, inflammation, larvicidal, worm expulsion S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O N Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section. How to cite this article: Steuer AE, Stewart JC, Barker VD, Adams AA, Nielsen MK. Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathostomin infection and larvicidal anthelmintic therapy. Parasite Immunol. 2020;42:e12709.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathostomin infection and larvicidal anthelmintic therapy

Steuer

Stewart

Barker

et al. 2020

Parasite Immunology

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“…83 Additionally, no significant changes in SAA concentration were seen after anthelmintic treatment in two separate groups of experimentally infested and heavily parasitized horses. 84,85 This provides the practitioner with useful information because larval cyathostomiasis is a difficult diagnosis to make antemortem, and low SAA concentrations are uncommon with inflammatory colonopathies.…”

Section: Serum Amyloid a And Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine Inflammatory Markers in the Twenty-First Century

Long¹,

Nolen-Walston²

2020

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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“…576,577 This condition occurs when there is a mass emergence of the larvae, resulting in acute typhlocolitis. Often it is a chronic diarrhea, but acute diarrhea may be seen.…”

Section: Conditions Associated With Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Approach to Commonly Encountered Problems

Hines¹

2018

Equine Internal Medicine

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Local and systemic inflammatory and immunologic reactions to cyathostomin larvicidal therapy in horses

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathostomin infection and larvicidal anthelmintic therapy

Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathostomin infection and larvicidal anthelmintic therapy

Equine Inflammatory Markers in the Twenty-First Century

Clinical Approach to Commonly Encountered Problems

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