Local blood flow in the dorsal hippocampus and cerebellar cortex in the offspring of iodine-deficient rats

Gabrichidze, G. O.; Lazrishvili, N; Metreveli, David; Bekaya, G. L.; Mitagvariya, N. P.

doi:10.1007/s11055-007-0041-4

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Thyroid hormones are essential for the development and proper functioning of the central nervous system through their role in gene expression, myelin production, axonal transportation, and neurotransmission [7]. Although less investigated, hypothyroidism may also cause a reduction in flow and vessel density of the central nervous system [8,9]. Since the retina and optic nerves represent an extension of the central nervous system, one can suggest that hypothyroidism may cause alterations in retinal microstructure and perfusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of macular perfusion in patients with treatment-naive overt hypothyroidism using optical coherence tomography angiography

Yıldız¹,

Erdal²,

Tarakçıoğlu³

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgery and Medicine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of macular perfusion in patients with treatment-naive overt hypothyroidism using optical coherence tomography angiography

Yıldız¹,

Erdal²,

Tarakçıoğlu³

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgery and Medicine

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“…But there are also studies where no significant correlation between thyroid function and Alzheimer's disease was observed (18). Thyroid status may also be relevant to the pathophysiology of vascular dementia since mild hypothyroidism is associated with a decrease in cerebral blood flow (19,20). Little is known about the role THs play in mixed dementia, where AD is associated with cerebrovascular disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Oxidative Stress in Mixed Dementia

Persa¹

2013

Acta Endo (Buc)

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Background. The occurrence of mixed dementia defined as the association of Alzheimer's disease with vascular dementia is increasing due to the global aging of the human population. Since thyroid hormones play a role in cognition and alterations of the thyroid axis occur with aging it is reasonable to assume that thyroid function and cognitive decline in mixed dementia are linked.Objective. To investigate whether there is a link between TSH, oxidative stress, cognitive decline and depression in female patients with mixed dementia.Methods. Fourty female patients with mixed dementia and 10 healthy controls were included in the study. MMSE, depression score (Cornel Scale of depression), TSH, MDA, glutathione were determined. Serum TSH levels correlated with the cognitive decline measured by MMSE (r=0.55 p=0.0002) and with de depression score (r=0.34 p=0.0314). Furthermore an increase in the oxidative stress marker MDA (p=0.0004) and in the antioxidant defense marker Glutathione (p=0.0013) was observed in patients with mixed dementia. In addition the levels of Glutathione correlated with cognitive decline (r=-0.4997 p=0.001) and with the levels of TSH (r=-0.4997 p=0.001). Conclusion.Our results suggest that thyroid function, oxidative stress and mixed dementia are corelated. However, a possible cause and effect relationship is not yet proved.

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“…The investigators noted a significant decrease in brain blood vessel numbers in hypothyroid animals relative to controls. More recently, Gabrichidze et al (12) reported the effects of local blood flow in the hippocampus and cerebellar cortex of rats made hypothyroid during development by feeding the dams an iodine-deficient diet. In 1-mo-old hypothyroid offspring rats, blood flow in the dorsal hippocampus was 19% lower and 14% lower in the cerebellar cortex compared with those of agematched euthyroid rats.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of thyroidectomy, T₄, and DITPA replacement on brain blood vessel density in adult rats

Schlenker

Hora²,

Liu³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Schlenker EH, Hora M, Liu Y, Redetzke RA, Morkin E, Gerdes AM. Effects of thyroidectomy, T4, and DITPA replacement on brain blood vessel density in adult rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 294: R1504-R1509, 2008. First published March 19, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00027.2008.-In hypothyroid patients, altered microvascular structure and function may affect mood and cognitive function. We hypothesized that adult male hypothyroid rats will have significantly lower forebrain blood vessel densities (BVD) than euthyroid rats and that treatment with 3,5-diiothyroprionic acid (DITPA) (a thyroid hormone analog) or thyroxine (T4) will normalize BVDs. The euthyroid group received no thyroidectomy or treatment. The other three groups received thyroidectomies and pellets. The hypothyroid group received a placebo pellet, the DITPA group received an 80-mg DITPA-containing pellet, and the T4 group received a 5.2-mg T4 slow-release pellet for 6 wk. Body weights, cardiac function, and body temperatures were measured. A monoclonal antiplatelet endothelial cell adhesion antibody was used to visualize blood vessels. The euthyroid group averaged body weights of 548 Ϯ 54 g, while the hypothyroid group averaged a body weight of 332 Ϯ 19 g (P value Ͻ 0.001). Relative to the euthyroid group, the DITPA-treated group was significantly lighter (P value Ͻ 0.05), while the T4-treated group was comparable in body weight to the euthyroid group. The same trends were seen with body temperature and cardiac function with the largest difference between the euthyroid and hypothyroid groups. BVD in the euthyroid group was 147 Ϯ 12 blood vessels/mm 2 and in hypothyroid group 69 Ϯ 5 blood vessels/mm 2 (P ϭ 0.013) but similar among the euthyroid, DITPA, and T4 groups. These results show that hypothyroidism decreased BVD in adult rat forebrain regions. Moreover, DITPA and T4 were efficacious in preventing effects of hypothyroidism on cardiac function and BVD.hypothyroid; angiogenesis; echocardiography; thyroid hormones HYPOTHYROIDISM IS A RELATIVELY common disorder affecting ϳ5% of adults and 15% of older women (2, 10). Consequences of hypothyroidism in adults include fatigue, cold intolerance, exertion, cognitive and mood dysfunction, decreased body temperature, elevated levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, hoarseness, sleep apnea, and cardiovascular dysfunction (2,14,29). Although less investigated, hypothyroidism may also decrease blood vessel density, which in turn decreases delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues. Since hypothyroidism may depress ventilation, leading to hypoxemia (26), the consequences of decreased blood vessel density could be enhanced in hypothyroid patients who have cardiac disease or suffer from sleep apnea and exacerbate altered cognition, mood disturbances, and fatigue.Thyroid hormone supplementation directly affects the cardiovascular system to increase cardiac contractile function and hypertrophy, as well as cause vasodilatation (17). Recent studies indicate that thyroid supplementation also may increase blo...

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Local blood flow in the dorsal hippocampus and cerebellar cortex in the offspring of iodine-deficient rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of macular perfusion in patients with treatment-naive overt hypothyroidism using optical coherence tomography angiography

Evaluation of macular perfusion in patients with treatment-naive overt hypothyroidism using optical coherence tomography angiography

Correlations Between Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Oxidative Stress in Mixed Dementia

Effects of thyroidectomy, T₄, and DITPA replacement on brain blood vessel density in adult rats

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