Methods for measuring the properties of individual cells within their native 3D environment will enable a deeper understanding of embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and tumorigenesis. However current methods for segmenting nuclei in 3D tissues are not designed for situations where nuclei are densely packed, non-spherical, heterogeneous in shape, size, or texture, all of which are true of many embryonic and adult tissue types as well as in many cases for cells differentiating in culture.Here we overcome this bottleneck by devising a novel method based on labelling the nuclear envelope (NE) and automatically distinguishing individual nuclei using a tree structured ridge tracing method followed by shape ranking according to a trained classifier. The method is fast and makes it possible to process images that are larger than the computer's memory. We consistently obtain accurate segmentation rates of >90% even for challenging images such as mid-gestation embryos or 3D cultures. We provide a 3D editor and inspector for the manual curation of the segmentation results as well as a program to assess the accuracy of the segmentation.We have also generated a live reporter of the NE that can be used to track live cells in three dimensions over time. We use this to monitor the history of cell interactions and occurrences of neighbour exchange within cultures of pluripotent cells during differentiation.We provide these tools in an open-access user-friendly format. 2 35 40 45 50 2012; Carpenter et al., 2013; Meijering et al., 2016).Here, we report a new approach to overcome these bottlenecks in quantitative image analysis of individual cells in 3D. Rather than relying on staining for nuclear content (for example DAPI or Hoescht staining), we instead detect the nuclear envelope (NE). This makes it easier to identify individual nuclei that are in close contact with each other and does not suffer from segmentation problems associated with textured nuclear staining, unusually shaped nuclei, or cell debris. Furthermore, the NE of individual nuclei are easily discernable by eye in crowded tissues, and so manual correction of any mis-segmented nuclei becomes easier than is the case for DAPI stained nuclei. We provide a user-friendly 3D-4D editing tool to rapidly correct any