Local Expression Dynamics of Various Adipokines during Induced Luteal Regression (Luteolysis) in the Bovine Corpus Luteum

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of various local novel adipokines, including vaspin, adiponectin, visfatin, and resistin, along with their associated receptors, heat shock 70 protein 5, adiponectin receptor 1, and adiponectin receptor 2, in the corpus luteum (CL) during luteal regression, also known as luteolysis, in dairy cows. We selected Fleckvieh cows in the mid-luteal phase (days 8–12, control group) and administered cloprostenol (PGF analog) to experimentally induce luteolysis. We collected CL samples at different time points following PGF application: before treatment (days 8–12, control group) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 64 h post-treatment (n = 5) per group. The mRNA expression was measured via real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Vaspin was characterized by high mRNA levels at the beginning of the regression stage, followed by a significant decrease 48 h and 64 h after PGF treatment. Adiponectin mRNA levels were elevated 48 h after PGF. Resistin showed upregulation 4 h post PGF application. In summary, the alterations observed in the adipokine family within experimentally induced regressing CL tissue potentially play an integral role in the local regulatory processes governing the sequence of events culminating in functional luteolysis and subsequent structural changes in the bovine ovary.

Expression dynamics of adipokines during induced ovulation in the bovine follicles and early corpus luteum

“…Fatty acids play multifaceted roles, serving as precursors for essential molecules vital for reproduction, including prostaglandins, lysophos- for cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis (Booth et al, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Kim et al, 2022;Kim & Bajaj, 2014). Our previous studies demonstrate that numerous adipokines are present in the CL during all cyclic and pregnancy stages, suggesting their important role in regulating CL function and induced luteolysis in the cow (Thaqi et al, 2023a(Thaqi et al, , 2023b. Our study builds on this foundation by demonstrating elevated vaspin levels 4 h post-GnRH application, hinting at a regulatory or triggering role in follicle growth, maturation and ovulation.…”

“…Disruptions in folliculogenesis can contribute to fertility issues (Esencan et al., 2022; Gershon & Dekel, 2020). Notably, a category of cytokines known as adipokines, originating primarily from adipose tissue, exerts influence on various tissues through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms (Kim et al., 2022; Mitchell et al., 2005; Reverchon et al., 2014; Thaqi et al., 2023a, 2023b). This group encompasses adiponectin, vaspin, visfatin, resistin, chemerin, leptin and apelin, forming a distinctive set of biochemical messengers.…”